This article explores the epistemology of prejudice. Prejudice is first defined and examined from the perspective of intergroup relations theory in an attempt to learn more about the origins and methods of knowing about other groups. The second part of the article suggests that recent intergroup research raises fundamental questions about the role of objectivity in studying and managing prejudice. It goes so far as to suggest that our unwillingness to examine our assumptions about objectivity creates barriers to understanding prejudice in academia and managing it in organizations.
This is the first article in the new "Update"section of Exchange. As outlined in Volume III, Number IV (1978), this section is intended to provide teachers of OB with a summary of a major conceptual area in cluding (1) a concise introduction to the major con cepts, (2) a sense of the scope and depth of the topic, and (3) a list of some key articles or books that would provide the reader with a solid working knowledge. This initial article is on intergroup relations. Please let me know your reactions to this article and to the ap proach we are taking. Does this meet your needs? Are there other approaches you would suggest that provide a more useful "update?" Finally, is there an article that you would like to write?
Most of the research literature on group dynamics has either ignored the subject of within-group conflict or sought ways to "resolve" it as a consequence of its seemingly dysfunctional effects. We argue that there are many processes experienced as conflictual because of the models members use for understanding and managing actions, feelings, and thoughts that are in "apparent opposition." We contend that by understanding the paradoxical nature of these group processes many of the conflicts associated with these "apparent contradictions" are "released" and, hence, not in need of "resolving" because they are experienced as essential to group life, rather than extraneous. Underlying theory about the paradoxical nature of group experiences is expounded, and seven group dynamics are examined using a paradoxical epistemology. These are the paradoxes of identity, disclosure, trust, individuality, authority, regression, and creativity.
An historian and rhetorician synthesize their interests in focusing on the process of psychological preparation for war, as demonstrated in New York papers after sinking of the "Maine."