Suchergebnisse

Tous les secteurs marchands sont désormais concernés par la standardisation halal : l'alimentation bien sûr, mais aussi les cosmétiques, les médicaments, les produits ménagers, les services comme la logistique, les hôtels, le tourisme, etc. Dans son dernier livre paru en janvier 2017 aux éditions du Seuil, Florence Bergeaud-Blackler montre comment cet usage marchand du halal a émergé, à la fin du xx e siècle, de la rencontre entre le néolibéralisme et le conservatisme, voire le fondamentalisme religieux.

Qu'en est-il des relations d'influence entre « marché halal » et « offre islamique » aujourd'hui en Europe ? Peut-on établir un lien entre contrôle de la garantie halal et composition et recomposition du paysage religieux ? Cet article montre que la question du contrôle de la norme halal marchande a émergé récemment dans l'espace public et joue un rôle croissant dans la structuration de l'offre religieuse islamique française. Après avoir mis en lumière le contexte d'émergence d'une bataille mondiale autour d'une « norme halal » opposant pays musulmans et non-musulmans, l'article retrace le cheminement par lequel un projet de norme halal est arrivé dans les instances de normalisation européenne (le CEN) et l'impact que ce projet, toujours en cours, a d'ores et déjà sur le paysage islamique français.

La conversion de la grande distribution au halal a révélé l'existence d'un marché déjà bien structuré. En considérant le concept « halal » comme une « qualité » au sens où l'entendent les conventionnalistes, l'auteur invite à éviter l'écueil des approches « théo-logiques » de ce marché qui placent l'islam à l'origine de sa création, et tente de montrer comment les dynamiques normatives concomitantes « de marché, diasporiques et religieuses » interfèrent et se combinent pour fabriquer des produits religieux.

Dans nos sociétés sécularisées, il existe quelques domaines où la tentation du politique de réguler le champ religieux n'a pas totalement disparue. C'est le cas de l'industrie d'abattage en Europe. Les aliments religieux sont de plus en plus nombreux à circuler dans la chaîne alimentaire conventionnelle posant la question de leur double statut d'aliment et de produit religieux. Alors qu'elle s'apprête à réviser la directive sur l'abattage, l'Union européenne pourra-t-elle faire l'économie d'une réflexion sur la régulation des aliments religieux ? L'occasion pour nous d'en saisir les principaux enjeux.

International audience ; Conformant with the 1993 EU Directive on the protection of animals at the time of slaughter or killing, most European states foresee legal exemptions from stunning prior to killing in the cases of religious slaughter, but they do not require their meat to be labeled as such. An increasing number of these ritually slaughtered meats enter the conventional food chain which poses the question of their double status, that of food and that of a religious product. As they revise this directive will the European Union reflect on the regulation of religious foods? This revision represents a unique opportunity for us to reflect on what main issues are at stake in the regulation of religious slaughter. ; En cohérence avec la directive communautaire sur la protection des animaux au moment de leur mise à mort publiée en 1993, la plupart des États européens prévoient une dérogation à l'obligation d'étourdir les animaux en cas d'abattage rituel, mais n'imposent pas que toutes les viandes qui en sont issues soient identifiées comme telles. Ils sont de plus en plus nombreux à passer dans la chaîne alimentaire conventionnelle posant la question de leur double statut d'aliment et de produit religieux. Alors qu'elle s'apprête à réviser cette directive, l'Union Européenne pourra-t-elle faire l'économie d'une réflexion sur la régulation des aliments religieux ? L'occasion pour nous d'en saisir les principaux enjeux.

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01956663 ; International audience ; In less than a decade, European food institutions have gone through a period of important reform. This reform was intended to address new challenges posed by a succession of food safety crises, the entry into the world markets of novel foods, and general public distrust of the actions of the European Commission. This paper sketches the most salient institutional changes that have occurred in the history of the European Union (EU). It also maps the redistribution of responsibilities in the European food system. After years of harmonisation in the name of free trade, in the mid-1990s food safety and consumer protection became the guiding principles of European food policy. Having described these changes, the paper suggests that a specifically European food policy style is emerging in juxtaposition with 'transatlantic' food policy.

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01956663 International audience In less than a decade, European food institutions have gone through a period of important reform. This reform was intended to address new challenges posed by a succession of food safety crises, the entry into the world markets of novel foods, and general public distrust of the actions of the European Commission. This paper sketches the most salient institutional changes that have occurred in the history of the European Union (EU). It also maps the redistribution of responsibilities in the European food system. After years of harmonisation in the name of free trade, in the mid-1990s food safety and consumer protection became the guiding principles of European food policy. Having described these changes, the paper suggests that a specifically European food policy style is emerging in juxtaposition with 'transatlantic' food policy.

http://www.inra.fr/Internet/Departements/ESR/publications/cahiers/pdf/bergeaud.pdf ; National audience ; The production and consumption of halal products, i.e. those deriving from ritual slaughtering, has grown steadily over the last 15 years. Today the global halal market is estimated at US$ 150 billion per year. This paper describes the main steps in the integration of "Muslim ritual slaughtering" into the national legislative systems of Western European countries, and it analyses the economic and political issues involved in this integration. Once being the subject of dispute between animal welfare organisations and religious groups, sometimes based on anti-semitism and racism, the arguments surrounding slaughtering ritual have recently, particularly in the aftermath of the BSE crisis, evolved to become an issue of consumer rights. In this paper, two cases will illustrate this evolution : Switzerland, as a European country, and the UK as a member state of the European Union. Muslim ritual slaughtering has never been precisely defined and has benefited from a status of exception in most legislative systems by overriding animal welfare regulation. One of the consequences of this exceptional status has been the growth of an un-regulated market that does not give the consumer (Muslim as well as non Muslim) any assurance regarding the process of production of halal products. Religious institutions seem unable to handle an issue of this nature, that is more usually dealt with by better equipped economic actors and consumer organisations. Facing this situation, the European Union and member states now have two possible options. Either they abolish the special status of ritual slaughtering and they rescind their commitments to take into account specific religious requirements, or they apply a "farm to fork" approach to food for religious purposes that is similar, in terms of traceability and labelling, to those that apply to foods posing ethical issues. ; La production et la commercialisation de viande halal n'ont ...

The report aims to analyse the developing institutional basis at the European level for the Trust in Food, involving the construction and redefinition of the European 'consumer' and 'consumer interest', in relation to the organisations and interests involved in food provisioning. Based on a view of trust as a relationship between parties, the report aims to analyse the changing distribution of responsibilities between parties as represented at a European level for five key food issues: safety, nutrition, quality, value and ethics. · The report aims to analyse changes in regulatory policies in relation to food provisioning, particularly following the BSE episode, as a key indicator of institutional change at the European