Suchergebnisse

We present maps for the electron temperature in the inner kpc of three luminous Seyfert galaxies: Mrk 79, Mrk 348, and Mrk 607 obtained from Gemini Multi-Object Spectrograph-integral field unit observations at spatial resolutions of ∼110–280 pc. We study the distributions of electron temperature in active galaxies and find temperatures varying in the range from ∼8000 to ≳30000K. Shocks due to gas outflows play an important role in the observed temperature distributions of Mrk 79 and Mrk 348, while standard photoionization models reproduce the derived temperature values for Mrk 607. In Mrk 79 and Mrk 348, we find direct evidence for shock ionization with overall orientation orthogonal to the ionization axis, where shocks can be easily observed as the active galactic nuclei radiation field is shielded by the nuclear dusty torus. This also indicates that even when the ionization cones are narrow, the shocks can be much wider angle. © 2020 The Author(s). ; This study was financed in part by CNPq, FAPERGS, and FAPESP. AF acknowledges the support from grant PRIN MIUR2017-20173ML3WW−001. EPM acknowledges financial support from the project 'Estallidos6' AYA2016-79724-C4. Based on observations obtained at the Gemini Observatory, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under a cooperative agreement with the NSF on behalf of the Gemini partnership: the NationalScience Foundation (United States), National Research Council (Canada), CONICYT (Chile), Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación Productiva (Argentina), Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação (Brazil), and Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute (Republic of Korea). ; With funding from the Spanish government through the Severo Ochoa Centre of Excellence accreditation SEV-2017-0709. ; Peer reviewed

We analyze new high spatial resolution (∼60 pc) ALMA CO(2-1) observations of the isolated luminous infrared galaxy ESO 320-G030 (d = 48 Mpc) in combination with ancillary Hubble Space Telescope optical and near infrared (IR) imaging, as well as VLT/SINFONI near-IR integral field spectroscopy. We detect a high-velocity (∼450 km s) spatially resolved (size∼2.5 kpc; dynamical time ∼3 Myr) massive (∼10 M; Ṁ ∼ 2-8 M yr) molecular outflow that has originated in the central ∼250 pc. We observe a clumpy structure in the outflowing cold molecular gas with clump sizes between 60 and 150 pc and masses between 10 and 10 M. The mass of the clumps decreases with increasing distance, while the velocity is approximately constant. Therefore, both the momentum and kinetic energy of the clumps decrease outwards. In the innermost (∼100 pc) part of the outflow, we measure a hot-to-cold molecular gas ratio of 7 × 10, which is similar to that measured in other resolved molecular outflows. We do not find evidence of an ionized phase in this outflow. The nuclear IR and radio properties are compatible with strong and highly obscured star-formation (A ∼ 4.6 mag; star formation rate ∼ 15 M yr). We do not find any evidence for the presence of an active galactic nucleus. We estimate that supernova explosions in the nuclear starburst (ν ∼ 0.2 yr) can power the observed molecular outflow. The kinetic energy and radial momentum of the cold molecular phase of the outflow correspond to about 2% and 20%, respectively, of the supernovae output. The cold molecular outflow velocity is lower than the escape velocity, so the gas will likely return to the galaxy disk. The mass loading factor is ∼0.1-0.5, so the negative feedback owing to this star-formation-powered molecular outflow is probably limited. ; We acknowledge support from the Spanish Plan Nacional de Astronomía y Astrofísica through grants AYA2010-21161-C02-01 and AYA2012-32295. A.A.-H. acknowledges financial support from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness through grant AYA2015-64346-C2-1-P. B.E. acknowledges funding through the European Union FP7-PEOPLE2013-IEF grant 624351

The neutrino mass experiment KATRIN requires a stability of 3 ppm for the retarding potential at − 18.6 kV of the main spectrometer. To monitor the stability, two custom-made ultra-precise high-voltage dividers were developed and built in cooperation with the German national metrology institute Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB). Until now, regular absolute calibration of the voltage dividers required bringing the equipment to the specialised metrology laboratory. Here we present a new method based on measuring the energy difference of two [superscript 83m]Kr conversion electron lines with the KATRIN setup, which was demonstrated during KATRIN's commissioning measurements in July 2017. The measured scale factor M = 1972.449(10) of the high-voltage divider K35 is in agreement with the last PTB calibration 4 years ago. This result demonstrates the utility of the calibration method, as well as the long-term stability of the voltage divider. ; United States. Department of Energy (Grant DEFG02- 97ER41020) ; United States. Department of Energy (Grant DE-FG02-94ER40818) ; United States. Department of Energy (Grant DE-SC0004036) ; United States. Department of Energy (Grant DEFG02-97ER 41033) ; United States. Department of Energy (Grant DE-FG02-97ER41041) ; United States. Department of Energy (Grant DE-AC02-05CH11231) ; United States. Department of Energy (Grant DE-SC00 11091)