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This article deals with the recent emergence on social media of a particular kind of audiovisual sources from the time of National Socialism, namely extracts from a performance of the 9th Symphony that took place in 1942 at the 'Berlin Philharmonie' on Hitler's birthday. The concert was conducted by Wilhelm Furtwängler. In the footage, Joseph Goebbels can be seen in the applauding audience, before he congratulates the conductor with a handshake at the end of the concert. The material was filmed for propaganda purposes and used in a German News Reel in April 1942. Excerpts from the concert have, in varying lengths and usually without any context, been uploaded to YouTube by different users. This article examines these excerpts, revealing different layers of media within the collaged material. It then illustrates how the original propaganda material was also incorporated into documentary films after the war as part of a strategy to rehabilitate Furtwängler from his involvement with National Socialism. In the second part of the article, an analysis of user comments shows how the relationship between National Socialism, Furtwängler and the symbolism of the symphony is evaluated differently, and how these evaluations may be aligned with four political ideologies – each of which manifests a different understanding of the relationship between society and music.

Music and sound shape the emotional content of audio-visual media and carry different meanings. This volume considers audio-visual material as a primary source for historiography. By analyzing how the same sounds are used in different media contexts at different times, the contributors intend to challenge the linear perspective of (music) history based on canonic authority. The book discusses AV-Documents (analysis in context), methodological questions (implications for research, education, and popularization of knowledge), archives of cultural memory (from the perspective of Cultural Studies) as well as digitalization and its consequences (organization of knowledge).

Music and sound shape the emotional content of audio-visual media and carry different meanings. This volume considers audio-visual material as a primary source for historiography. By analyzing how the same sounds are used in different media contexts at different times, the contributors intend to challenge the linear perspective of (music) history based on canonic authority. The book discusses AV-Documents (analysis in context), methodological questions (implications for research, education, and popularization of knowledge), archives of cultural memory (from the perspective of Cultural Studies) as well as digitalization and its consequences (organization of knowledge).

"When the truck arrived at the construction site it could not unload the material because it [the truck] was too long, we had to send it away […], this happens all the time in Oslo where we have to build on very small plots." (Carpenter, Oslo). As the quote illustrates, inefficiencies and resulting low productivity remain a challenge for today's small construction businesses. While the reasons for inefficiencies are not completely understood, various techniques for project planning and control have proven their practical value in mitigating them. Lean construction has been articulated as one of the concepts that can solve inefficiency problems. The national initiative "Lean construction Norway" initiated by government, academia, and industry, seeks to diffuse lean production principles in the construction industry. However, small to medium sized contractors remain largely excluded from the innovative practices. This article sets out to study what a small Norwegian contractor enforcing lean concepts in addressing construction inefficiencies may gain. Ingrained in the concept of muda we exemplify waste related to waiting, overproduction, defects, inventory, motion, over processing, and transporting. We ran a case study in a small industry standard type of residential project executed by a small contractor. Data were collected based on a series of qualitative interviews conducted with the on-site personnel. The findings illustrate a variety of inefficiencies resulting in low productivity. We expect that management inspired by lean principles in conjunction with modern planning methods such as building information modelling may improve project delivery in Norwegian small-scale construction. ; publishedVersion