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Book Review: David Calvey, Covert Research: The Art, Politics and Ethics of Undercover Fieldwork
In: Qualitative research, Band 19, Heft 5, S. 613-614
ISSN: 1741-3109
Larry Wolff, The Singing Turk: Ottoman Power and Operatic Emotions on the European Stage from the Siege of Vienna to the Age of Napoleon
In: European history quarterly, Band 47, Heft 4, S. 805-806
ISSN: 1461-7110
Book Review: Nietzsche and Music
In: European history quarterly, Band 36, Heft 1, S. 151-153
ISSN: 1461-7110
Power and patronage in Mozart's <i>La clemenza di Tito</i> and <i>Die Zauberflöte</i>
In: Cultures of Power in Europe during the Long Eighteenth Century, S. 325-347
Community Case Management: A Strategy to Improve Access to Medical Care in Uninsured Populations
In: Care management journals, Band 5, Heft 2, S. 87-93
ISSN: 1938-9019
Case management is a rapidly growing strategy to help vulnerable populations access the health care they need in a fragmented U.S. service delivery system. A number of lessons can be learned from the successes and challenges of a developing, hospital-based, community-focused case management group in Sedgwick County, Kansas. The Community Case Management program has a case management team based at each of four hospitals. Each team has a social worker and a nurse, whose main goal is to help the uninsured find a primary health care home. This dynamic combination has several benefits. Each team member brings a vital skill set in helping the clients change behavior and access the care and support they need. Also, the nurse-social worker team concept creates a synergy in which team members support each other and create the best solution to their clients' needs.
Gill damage and delayed mortality of Northern shrimp (Pandalus borealis) after short time exposure to anti-parasitic veterinary medicine containing hydrogen peroxide
In: Ecotoxicology and environmental safety: EES ; official journal of the International Society of Ecotoxicology and Environmental safety, Band 180, S. 473-482
ISSN: 1090-2414
HIV among men who have sex with men in Malawi: elucidating HIV prevalence and correlates of infection to inform HIV prevention
In: Journal of the International AIDS Society, Band 16, Heft 4S3
ISSN: 1758-2652
IntroductionThere are limited data characterizing the burden of HIV among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Malawi. Epidemiologic research and access to HIV prevention, treatment and care services have been traditionally limited in Malawi by criminalization and stigmatization of same‐sex practices. To inform the development of a comprehensive HIV prevention intervention for Malawian MSM, we conducted a community‐led assessment of HIV prevalence and correlates of infection.MethodsFrom April 2011 to March 2012, 338 MSM were enrolled in a cross‐sectional study in Blantyre, Malawi. Participants were recruited by respondent‐driven sampling methods (RDS), reaching 19 waves. Trained staff administered the socio‐behavioural survey and HIV and syphilis voluntary counselling and testing.ResultsCrude HIV and syphilis prevalence estimates were 15.4% (RDS‐weighted 12.5%, 95% confidence interval (CI): 7.3–17.8) and 5.3% (RDS‐weighted 4.4%, 95% CI: 3.1–7.6), respectively. Ninety per cent (90.4%, unweighted) of HIV infections were reported as being previously undiagnosed. Participants were predominantly gay‐identified (60.8%) or bisexually identified (36.3%); 50.7% reported recent concurrent relationships. Approximately half reported consistent condom use (always or almost always) with casual male partners, and proportions were relatively uniform across partner types and genders. The prevalence of perceived and experienced stigma exceeded 20% for almost all variables, 11.4% ever experienced physical violence and 7% were ever raped. Current age >25 years (RDS‐weighted adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 3.9, 95% CI: 1.2–12.7), single marital status (RDS‐weighted AOR: 0.3; 95% CI: 0.1–0.8) and age of first sex with a man <16 years (RDS‐weighted AOR: 4.3, 95% CI: 1.2–15.0) were independently associated with HIV infection.ConclusionsResults demonstrate that MSM represent an underserved, at‐risk population for HIV services in Malawi and merit comprehensive HIV prevention services. Results provide a number of priorities for research and prevention programmes for MSM, including providing access to and encouraging regular confidential HIV testing and counselling, and risk reduction counselling related to anal intercourse. Other targets include the provision of condoms and compatible lubricants, HIV prevention information, and HIV and sexually transmitted infection treatment and adherence support. Addressing multiple levels of HIV risk, including structural factors, may help to ensure that programmes have sufficient coverage to impact this HIV epidemic among MSM.
Racial and Ethnic Disparities in COVID-19 Treatments in the United States
In: Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities: an official journal of the Cobb-NMA Health Institute
ISSN: 2196-8837
Abstract
Introduction
Racial and ethnic disparities in patient outcomes following COVID-19 exist, in part, due to factors involving healthcare delivery. The aim of the study was to characterize disparities in the administration of evidence-based COVID-19 treatments among patients hospitalized for COVID-19.
Methods
Using a large, US hospital database, initiation of COVID-19 treatments was compared among patients hospitalized for COVID-19 between May 2020 and April 2022 according to patient race and ethnicity. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to examine the effect of race and ethnicity on the likelihood of receiving COVID-19 treatments, stratified by baseline supplemental oxygen requirement.
Results
The identified population comprised 317,918 White, 76,715 Black, 9297 Asian, and 50,821 patients of other or unknown race. There were 329,940 non-Hispanic, 74,199 Hispanic, and 50,622 patients of unknown ethnicity. White patients were more likely to receive COVID-19 treatments, and specifically corticosteroids, compared to Black, Asian, and other patients (COVID-19 treatment: 87% vs. 81% vs. 85% vs. 84%, corticosteroids: 85% vs. 79% vs. 82% vs. 82%). After covariate adjustment, White patients were significantly more likely to receive COVID-19 treatments than Black patients across all levels of supplemental oxygen requirement. No clear trend in COVID-19 treatments according to ethnicity (Hispanic vs. non-Hispanic) was observed.
Conclusion
There were important racial disparities in inpatient COVID-19 treatment initiation, including the undertreatment of Black patients and overtreatment of White patients. Our new findings reveal the actual magnitude of this issue in routine clinical practice to clinicians, policymakers, and guideline developers. This is crucial to ensuring equitable and appropriate access to evidence-based therapies.