Il est possible de présenter la crise écologique sans parler de démocratie, comme il est possible de parler de la crise démocratique sans parler d'écologie. Ce papier vise au contraire à critiquer ce type d'approches et à questionner le lien entre « crise écologique » et « crise démocratique ». Ce lien s'est récemment cristallisé en France autour des propositions de « démocratie écologique » de Dominique Bourg et Kenny Whiteside, qui ont été largement débattues. Nous en résumerons ici certains éléments centraux pour apporter une autre vision d'une « démocratie écologique », moins institutionnelle, et plus politique, que nous résumons sous l'appellation de « démocratie des communs ».
International audience ; The Critical Raw Material (CRM) Deposit Map of Europe, prepared by EuroGeoSurvey's Mineral Resources Expert Group (MREG), shows European mineral deposits from the ProMine Mineral Deposit database containing critical commodities, according to the 2014 list of critical raw materials of the European Commission. EuroGeoSurveys (EGS), The Geological Surveys of Europe, is a not-for-profit organization representing 37 National Geological Surveys and some regional Geological Surveys in Europe. It provides the European Institutions with expert, independent, balanced and practical pan-European advice and information as an aid to problem-solving, policy development, regulatory and programme formulation in areas such as natural resources, energy and geo-hazards. The EGS MREG is actively involved in contributing to policy and strategy-making processes aimed at identifying, characterizing and safeguarding resource potential, especially for critical raw materials through data provision, research, technological development and innovation. The European Union aspires to reducing the import dependency of raw materials, especially CRM, that are essential to Europe's industries. In this respect, mineral resource information, data sharing and networking by European Geological Surveys is crucial. The Strategic Implementation Plan of the European Innovation Partnership on Raw Materials highlights the need for establishing and maintaining a common interoperable EU Geological Knowledge Base. Such a Knowledge Base will support exploration for indigenous mineral resources and strengthen policy and decision making. In 2010, the European Commission identified 14 non energy non-agricultural raw materials as being critical. Criticality is based on both the scarcity of supply and the importance to European industry. This list was updated in 2014 to include 7 new commodities with one being dropped from the original list. The list now comprises: antimony, beryllium, borates, chromium, cobalt, coking coal, fluorspar, ...
International audience ; The Critical Raw Material (CRM) Deposit Map of Europe, prepared by EuroGeoSurvey's Mineral Resources Expert Group (MREG), shows European mineral deposits from the ProMine Mineral Deposit database containing critical commodities, according to the 2014 list of critical raw materials of the European Commission. EuroGeoSurveys (EGS), The Geological Surveys of Europe, is a not-for-profit organization representing 37 National Geological Surveys and some regional Geological Surveys in Europe. It provides the European Institutions with expert, independent, balanced and practical pan-European advice and information as an aid to problem-solving, policy development, regulatory and programme formulation in areas such as natural resources, energy and geo-hazards. The EGS MREG is actively involved in contributing to policy and strategy-making processes aimed at identifying, characterizing and safeguarding resource potential, especially for critical raw materials through data provision, research, technological development and innovation. The European Union aspires to reducing the import dependency of raw materials, especially CRM, that are essential to Europe's industries. In this respect, mineral resource information, data sharing and networking by European Geological Surveys is crucial. The Strategic Implementation Plan of the European Innovation Partnership on Raw Materials highlights the need for establishing and maintaining a common interoperable EU Geological Knowledge Base. Such a Knowledge Base will support exploration for indigenous mineral resources and strengthen policy and decision making. In 2010, the European Commission identified 14 non energy non-agricultural raw materials as being critical. Criticality is based on both the scarcity of supply and the importance to European industry. This list was updated in 2014 to include 7 new commodities with one being dropped from the original list. The list now comprises: antimony, beryllium, borates, chromium, cobalt, coking coal, fluorspar, ...
International audience ; The Critical Raw Material (CRM) Deposit Map of Europe, prepared by EuroGeoSurvey's Mineral Resources Expert Group (MREG), shows European mineral deposits from the ProMine Mineral Deposit database containing critical commodities, according to the 2014 list of critical raw materials of the European Commission. EuroGeoSurveys (EGS), The Geological Surveys of Europe, is a not-for-profit organization representing 37 National Geological Surveys and some regional Geological Surveys in Europe. It provides the European Institutions with expert, independent, balanced and practical pan-European advice and information as an aid to problem-solving, policy development, regulatory and programme formulation in areas such as natural resources, energy and geo-hazards. The EGS MREG is actively involved in contributing to policy and strategy-making processes aimed at identifying, characterizing and safeguarding resource potential, especially for critical raw materials through data provision, research, technological development and innovation. The European Union aspires to reducing the import dependency of raw materials, especially CRM, that are essential to Europe's industries. In this respect, mineral resource information, data sharing and networking by European Geological Surveys is crucial. The Strategic Implementation Plan of the European Innovation Partnership on Raw Materials highlights the need for establishing and maintaining a common interoperable EU Geological Knowledge Base. Such a Knowledge Base will support exploration for indigenous mineral resources and strengthen policy and decision making. In 2010, the European Commission identified 14 non energy non-agricultural raw materials as being critical. Criticality is based on both the scarcity of supply and the importance to European industry. This list was updated in 2014 to include 7 new commodities with one being dropped from the original list. The list now comprises: antimony, beryllium, borates, chromium, cobalt, coking coal, fluorspar, ...
International audience ; The Critical Raw Material (CRM) Deposit Map of Europe, prepared by EuroGeoSurvey's Mineral Resources Expert Group (MREG), shows European mineral deposits from the ProMine Mineral Deposit database containing critical commodities, according to the 2014 list of critical raw materials of the European Commission. EuroGeoSurveys (EGS), The Geological Surveys of Europe, is a not-for-profit organization representing 37 National Geological Surveys and some regional Geological Surveys in Europe. It provides the European Institutions with expert, independent, balanced and practical pan-European advice and information as an aid to problem-solving, policy development, regulatory and programme formulation in areas such as natural resources, energy and geo-hazards. The EGS MREG is actively involved in contributing to policy and strategy-making processes aimed at identifying, characterizing and safeguarding resource potential, especially for critical raw materials through data provision, research, technological development and innovation. The European Union aspires to reducing the import dependency of raw materials, especially CRM, that are essential to Europe's industries. In this respect, mineral resource information, data sharing and networking by European Geological Surveys is crucial. The Strategic Implementation Plan of the European Innovation Partnership on Raw Materials highlights the need for establishing and maintaining a common interoperable EU Geological Knowledge Base. Such a Knowledge Base will support exploration for indigenous mineral resources and strengthen policy and decision making. In 2010, the European Commission identified 14 non energy non-agricultural raw materials as being critical. Criticality is based on both the scarcity of supply and the importance to European industry. This list was updated in 2014 to include 7 new commodities with one being dropped from the original list. The list now comprises: antimony, beryllium, borates, chromium, cobalt, coking coal, fluorspar, gallium, germanium, graphite, indium, magnesite, magnesium, niobium, phosphate rock, platinum group metals, light and heavy rare earth elements (separately), silicon metal and tungsten. ProMine was a European Union (EU) co-funded project, which had as its main objective the stimulation of the extractive industry to deliver new products to manufacturing industry. A major deliverable of the project was the ProMine Mineral Deposit (MD) database that contains information related to almost 13,000 mineral deposits in Europe. In order to extract data to be displayed on the CRM map of Europe, the ProMine MD database was queried for all commodities on the EC CRM list which were in the medium to super-large deposit size. Following this, the dataset was circulated to MREG in order to verify, validate and update the list.
International audience ; The Critical Raw Material (CRM) Deposit Map of Europe, prepared by EuroGeoSurvey's Mineral Resources Expert Group (MREG), shows European mineral deposits from the ProMine Mineral Deposit database containing critical commodities, according to the 2014 list of critical raw materials of the European Commission. EuroGeoSurveys (EGS), The Geological Surveys of Europe, is a not-for-profit organization representing 37 National Geological Surveys and some regional Geological Surveys in Europe. It provides the European Institutions with expert, independent, balanced and practical pan-European advice and information as an aid to problem-solving, policy development, regulatory and programme formulation in areas such as natural resources, energy and geo-hazards. The EGS MREG is actively involved in contributing to policy and strategy-making processes aimed at identifying, characterizing and safeguarding resource potential, especially for critical raw materials through data provision, research, technological development and innovation. The European Union aspires to reducing the import dependency of raw materials, especially CRM, that are essential to Europe's industries. In this respect, mineral resource information, data sharing and networking by European Geological Surveys is crucial. The Strategic Implementation Plan of the European Innovation Partnership on Raw Materials highlights the need for establishing and maintaining a common interoperable EU Geological Knowledge Base. Such a Knowledge Base will support exploration for indigenous mineral resources and strengthen policy and decision making. In 2010, the European Commission identified 14 non energy non-agricultural raw materials as being critical. Criticality is based on both the scarcity of supply and the importance to European industry. This list was updated in 2014 to include 7 new commodities with one being dropped from the original list. The list now comprises: antimony, beryllium, borates, chromium, cobalt, coking coal, fluorspar, ...
ABSTRACT: The overall aim of FRAME project into the European Union Raw Materials Knowledge Base (EURMKB) is to provide data on CRM by extending the spatial coverage and higher accurate data from past and ongoing European projects on raw materials. The prime aim of work package (WP)3 in the FRAME project is to produce a map of strategic and critical raw materials (SCRM) for Europe. In cooperation with other FRAME WPs, there was a consensus on the methodology used for the identification and selection process of the SCRM to be included in that map (Arvanitidis, et al., 2019; Sadeghi et al., 2020a; Sadeghi et al, 2020b) linked mainly to information collected from existing databases, such as the ones of ProMine, Minerals4EU (M4EU), EURARE and European Geological Data Infrastructure (EGDI). WP3 also has a special focus to present the metallogenetic maps and updating databases on rare earth elements, graphite, cobalt, lithium, phosphor, niobium and tantalum in collaboration with the other work project packages (WP4, WP5 and WP6) and the Mineral Resource Expert Group (MREG) of EuroGeoSurveys. The digital version on metallogenetic areas have been prepared and delivered to EGDI (Sadeghi et al, 2020b). The occurrences dataset is harvested through national databases on structured data to be accessed in EDGI. A semi and non-structured datasets were also prepared and deliver to EGDI (EGDI, 2021a, 2021b). An overview on how this was done is given in Chapter 3 of this report – Data preparation and Delivery to EGDI. ; N/A
International audience ; In a context of climate change and global renewable energy policy, rapid growth of emerging economies as well as fast development of modern technologies have led to drastic increase in demand for a number of metals. Thus, reliability of supply in critical raw materials is one of the major challenges facing Europe. Indeed, the availability of mineral resources is crucial in deployment of low-carbon technologies and economic activities. However, distribution of these critical raw materials is fairly restricted and their recovery is limited to a few deposit types during processes of the main ore. For instance, indium is recovered as by-product of zinc mineralization. Thus, the European project Ion4Raw (H2020 program) with a partnership from EU members and a Peruvian partner is an ambitious initiative, which aims to develop a novel and sustainable ion-metallurgical processing in order to recover effectively by-products of high interest such as bismuth, cobalt, germanium, indium, antimony and platinum from various types of Cu-Au deposits (e.g., orogenic, skarns, volcanic-hosted massive sulphide (VMS)). In the frame of this project, one of the first step is to produce a geographically-based compilation of Cu-Au occurrences and deposits in Europe and Peru in which targeted by-products (e.g., Te, Bi, Co, Re, Mo, Pt, Sb, Ge) have been identified and/or have been produced. This inventory allows economical assessment of potential resources as well as assessment of metallogenic processes related these critical raw material endowments.
International audience ; In a context of climate change and global renewable energy policy, rapid growth of emerging economies as well as fast development of modern technologies have led to drastic increase in demand for a number of metals. Thus, reliability of supply in critical raw materials is one of the major challenges facing Europe. Indeed, the availability of mineral resources is crucial in deployment of low-carbon technologies and economic activities. However, distribution of these critical raw materials is fairly restricted and their recovery is limited to a few deposit types during processes of the main ore. For instance, indium is recovered as by-product of zinc mineralization. Thus, the European project Ion4Raw (H2020 program) with a partnership from EU members and a Peruvian partner is an ambitious initiative, which aims to develop a novel and sustainable ion-metallurgical processing in order to recover effectively by-products of high interest such as bismuth, cobalt, germanium, indium, antimony and platinum from various types of Cu-Au deposits (e.g., orogenic, skarns, volcanic-hosted massive sulphide (VMS)). In the frame of this project, one of the first step is to produce a geographically-based compilation of Cu-Au occurrences and deposits in Europe and Peru in which targeted by-products (e.g., Te, Bi, Co, Re, Mo, Pt, Sb, Ge) have been identified and/or have been produced. This inventory allows economical assessment of potential resources as well as assessment of metallogenic processes related these critical raw material endowments.
International audience ; In a context of climate change and global renewable energy policy, rapid growth of emerging economies as well as fast development of modern technologies have led to drastic increase in demand for a number of metals. Thus, reliability of supply in critical raw materials is one of the major challenges facing Europe. Indeed, the availability of mineral resources is crucial in deployment of low-carbon technologies and economic activities. However, distribution of these critical raw materials is fairly restricted and their recovery is limited to a few deposit types during processes of the main ore. For instance, indium is recovered as by-product of zinc mineralization. Thus, the European project Ion4Raw (H2020 program) with a partnership from EU members and a Peruvian partner is an ambitious initiative, which aims to develop a novel and sustainable ion-metallurgical processing in order to recover effectively by-products of high interest such as bismuth, cobalt, germanium, indium, antimony and platinum from various types of Cu-Au deposits (e.g., orogenic, skarns, volcanic-hosted massive sulphide (VMS)). In the frame of this project, one of the first step is to produce a geographically-based compilation of Cu-Au occurrences and deposits in Europe and Peru in which targeted by-products (e.g., Te, Bi, Co, Re, Mo, Pt, Sb, Ge) have been identified and/or have been produced. This inventory allows economical assessment of potential resources as well as assessment of metallogenic processes related these critical raw material endowments.
