Suchergebnisse

Abstract: Khiam Detention Centre (KDC), a detention camp established by Israel in South Lebanon in 1985, is currently under heavy political interference that aims to manipulate and monopolise the writing of its burdened history. The preservation of memory of events that took place in this prison needs to be urgently addressed in the face of multiple attempts of its erasure and biased revisions. This study surveys three types of media sources that contain the memory of KDC: 1) interviews conducted with former prisoners; 2) the data-archives of a radio programme called Nahnu Bikhayr Taminuna Ankom(We are alive, tell us if you are) and 3) the built environment mapped with a sonic device. The extracted memories are then transcluded to a generated environment that virtually relays the mnemonic site of KDC. This project was done out of an urgent need to preserve KDC's media imprints that are prone to erasure and modification. KDC is situated on the border of South Lebanon, a territory whose land and electromagnetic field have been occupied by state and non-state political actors. Since the claims of technological sovereignty inside the territory are tenuous and rife with the risk of political manipulation, I chose the space of the internet as provisionally more inclusive environment to host the virtual environment of KDC. Through three media sources, the generated environment allows users to experiment with the limitations and imposition of sound, allowing the critical recreation of the KDC site. Keywords: Reconstruction of memory, technological occupation, border territories, electronic surveillance.

Résumé Le chiisme partage le malaise qu'éprouvent les doctrines religieuses du Pouvoir face au principe démocratique de souveraineté populaire. Pouvoir à la fois temporel et spirituel, l'imamat y est de droit divin. Comme par contagion, les prérogatives de l'imam tendent à passer au faqîh , connaisseur (et gardien ?) de la Loi divine. Aussi, la notion de wilayat al-faqîh a-t-elle été érigée en fondement constitutionnel de l'actuel régime iranien. Cependant, au lieu de servir de fondement à ce transfert de légitimité aux fuqahâ , la ghayba (l'occultation du 12 e imam) peut être conçue comme une rupture spirituelle remettant à la communauté entière la responsabilité de ses propres destinées... Enfin, le fait que les chiites ne se retrouvent jamais seuls dans le monde moderne, devrait favoriser l'idée d'un compromis séculariste et démocratique.

Shiite Islam shares the discomfort of most religious doctrines of power confronted with the democratic principle of popular sovereignty. Being both temporal and spiritual the power of the imamate is God-given. As if by contagion, the imams prerogatives are transferred to the faqih, expert in (and guardian of) the divine Law. As a consequence, the notion of wilayat al-faqih has become the constitutional foundation of the current Iranian regime. However, rather than serving as the foundation of this transfer of legitimacy to the fuqaha, the ghayba (occultation of the 12th imam) could be understood as a spiritual rupture transferring the responsibility of its own destiny to the entire community Finally, the fact that the Shiites are seldom alone in the modern world should favor the notion of a secular and democratic compromise. Adapted from the source document.

Through the Taef document which established the current equilibrium in Lebanon under Syria's tutelage, the author analyses the bases of Lebanese identity. Navigating between a sense of "Arabness" and more specific identification to the communities, he goes back to the sources of the Lebanese state in order to gain a better understanding of its present complexities. He draws another, equally topical, distinction, between independence and sovereignty. Lastly, he leans towards a special, relative, Lebanese brand of "Arabness", which will reconcile and liberate people and allow them to live together despite their continuing identification with different communities. (Monde Arabe Maghreb/DÜI)