Suchergebnisse

The article is dedicated to analyzing the phenomenon and features of internal migration in the Visegrad group countries. This was done according to such parameters as: "regions – capital" migration, "region – region" and "village – city" migration, "poor regions – rich regions" migration. In addition, the author identified the factors and motives of internal migration in the countries of the region. In this regard, it was established that suburbanization as the growth and development of the suburban area of large cities, due to which urban agglomerations are formed, is a common characteristic of the countries of the Visegrad group. In addition, migration processes from poorer to richer regions and settlements can be traced in the countries of the region. It was also found that in terms of GDP per capita and migration balance in the regions of each of the Visegrad group countries, high GDP per capita is typical for regions with a positive migration balance, and low GDP per capita for regions with a negative migration balance.

The article deals with analyses and structuration of the legal framework for regulating migration and migration processes in the European Union on the eve of the European "migration crisis". This is researched in view of the fact that the migration processes in the region have intensified and began to manifest themselves in an extraordinary variety of forms dur- ing the recent decades. The author found that the legal framework for regulating migration and migration processes in the European Union, in particular in retrospective and prognostic sections and mainly on the eve of the European "migration crisis" (i.e. until 2014–2015), was mostly gradually liberalized and simplified, although it provided for greater responsibility. Accondignly, the legal or political and legal specifics of the regulation of migration and migration processes in the EU were one of the factors that contributed or did not prevent the beginning and intensification of the European "migration crisis" in 2014–2015.

The article is devoted to consideration and comparison of representativeness, political (electoral, parliamentary and governmental) successes and ideological positioning of anti-immigrant parties in the Visegrad countries. The researcher explained that the formation of anti-immigrant parties in the region has passed several stages that were conditioned with significant events of their development, but reckoned that the electoral successes of anti-immigrant parties are distinctive. It was found that anti-immigrant parties in the countries of Visegrad group ideo- logically are the products of post-materialistic society. The author also stated that the rhetoric of anti-immigrant parties in the region gained publicity and relevance after 2010, when the problems of migration policy of the European Union appeared to be the most dangerous. Generally speaking, it was argued that ideological issues of migration policy are the cornerstone of ideological and political positioning of anti-immigrant parties, but they are not sufficient to warrant their positioning as a separate ideological family of parties.

The article is dedicated to analyzing and systematization of political perception of immigration processes in the countries of the Visegrad group. It is argued that the positions of parties and voters regarding immigration in the countries of the Visegrad group are essentially ideologically structured. The author found that the region enjoys different approaches to understanding national issues and immigration processes, but traditionally revolves around the nationalist, liberal, exceptional, national-conservative approaches and rhetoric of the "greater nation" approach. It is motivated that the immigration problem in the countries of the region depends on the conceptualization of party approaches to nationalism and related/contextual issues. In general, it is noted that the political perception of the problems of immigration processes in the countries of the region is nationally (i.e. in each country) and regionally (i.e. in the region in general) determined and oriented, and the political process is much radicalized and activated, in particular by anti-immigrant and (as an accommodation) mainstream parties.

The article deals with the causes and consequences of emigration and emigration processes in the Visegrad Group countries at different stages of their development after the collapse of the Warsaw Pact, in particular on the basis of a cross-regional comparative analysis. The author stated that the causes and consequences of emigration in the Visegrad Group countries are interrelated. The researcher argued that emigration from the Visegrad Group countries is socio-economically determined, as the movement of emigrants from the region is mainly directed to the countries of Western Europe and North America. At the same time, it was found that emigration from the Visegrad Group countries is socio-economically advantageous for the countries of Western Europe, but not for the analyzed region. Thus, it was generally argued that the causes and consequences of emigration from Visegrad Group countries are predominantly internal and socio-economic.

The article is devoted to analyzing the features, statistics and varieties of emigration processes in the countries of Visegrad Group, i.e. in Poland, Slovakia, Hungary and the Czech Republic. The author argued that emigration processes from the countries of the region before and during their integration into the EU were conditioned primarily by differences in social and economic development. It is observed that before and after the collapse of the USSR and changes in the labor markets and societies of the Visegrad countries, they were economically and socially dependent on Western European countries, and therefore key emigration processes were (and still are) directed to them. At the same time, it is motivated that emigration processes from the countries of the region lead to a shortage of labor, but due to the fact that the more educated is a population of a country the higher is an emigration flow from a country. Accordingly, it is recorded that the emigration activity of immigrants from the Visegrad countries changed after their accession to the EU. It is concluded that the countries of the region are summed up by the "liquid" migration in the form of transnationalism and mobility, since emigrants leave the countries not forever and not for a long time, but for a short time. At the same time, it is found that emigration from the countries of the region has both positive and negative consequences for them.

The article is devoted to analyzing theoretical, methodological and conceptual parameters of migration issues and migration processes. To do this, the author has considered and systematized the methods and theories of definition and approaches to the study of migration and migration processes. In particular, such approaches to the definition and study of migration as economic, geographical, demographic, philosophical, sociological, psychological, systemic, institutional, as well as synthetic have been emphasized. At the same time, it has been stated that each of the approaches is also traditionally different in definition and methods of the migration study, and therefore they all have been necessarily delineated, analyzed, structured and systematized. It has been shown how theoretical and methodological approaches are correlated with the empirical practice of migration in European countries. The author has summed up that due to the combination of theory and empirical practice, in particular on the example of European countries, each author, using the term "migration", puts different interpretations into it, using as a guide many different existing categories.

The article deals with analyses and structuration of the legal framework for regulating migration and migration processes in the European Union on the eve of the European "migration crisis". This is researched in view of the fact that the migration processes in the region have intensified and began to manifest themselves in an extraordinary variety of forms dur- ing the recent decades. The author found that the legal framework for regulating migration and migration processes in the European Union, in particular in retrospective and prognostic sections and mainly on the eve of the European "migration crisis" (i.e. until 2014–2015), was mostly gradually liberalized and simplified, although it provided for greater responsibility. Accondignly, the legal or political and legal specifics of the regulation of migration and migration processes in the EU were one of the factors that contributed or did not prevent the beginning and intensification of the European "migration crisis" in 2014–2015.

The article is devoted to consideration and comparison of representativeness, political (electoral, parliamentary and governmental) successes and ideological positioning of anti-immigrant parties in the Visegrad countries. The researcher explained that the formation of anti-immigrant parties in the region has passed several stages that were conditioned with significant events of their development, but reckoned that the electoral successes of anti-immigrant parties are distinctive. It was found that anti-immigrant parties in the countries of Visegrad group ideo- logically are the products of post-materialistic society. The author also stated that the rhetoric of anti-immigrant parties in the region gained publicity and relevance after 2010, when the problems of migration policy of the European Union appeared to be the most dangerous. Generally speaking, it was argued that ideological issues of migration policy are the cornerstone of ideological and political positioning of anti-immigrant parties, but they are not sufficient to warrant their positioning as a separate ideological family of parties.

The article is devoted to analyzing political, socio-economic and system modernization as components of a logistic-transformational plan and process in the post-communist countries of Central-Eastern Europe. The author argued that the modernization processes in the post-communist countries of Central-Eastern Europe were not manifested as simple and consistent logistical-transformational and governmental decisions as the theory prove. The fact is that in the analyzed region, the process of re- forming and modernizing was planned and implemented as a simultaneous and systematic combination of economic, political, social, cultural and other systemic transformations in various spheres of public life. Consequently, the post-communist countries of Central-Eastern Europe, in contrast to modernization in other parts of the world, were determined not only by carrying out several complex "transitions" and logistical stages of modernization. As a result, contrary to transitological theory, they were able to almost concurrently implement a pluralistic political system, a market economy and a new model of statehood, thus neutralizing the "dilemma of simultaneously" and refuting the "impossibility theorem" of transformational development.

The article is devoted to analyzing ethnonational reality and expectations in the The article is dedicated to outlining the design, appointment and the reasons for the formation and operationalization of non-party governments in the president-parliamentary countries of Eastern Europe. It was argued that non-party governments in the president-parliamentary countries of Eastern Europe are the governments that are formed and run by the presidents according to their purpose and logic. They both determine the presidentialization and autocratization of political systems and regimes and depend on these factors. It was revealed that non-party governments under the conditions of president-parliamentarism are not technocratic, although different political actors usually defined them as such ones. Instead, non-party governments under president-parliamentarism are pseudo-technocratic, as they cause deformation of the logic of technocratic governance.

The study is dedicated to analyzing, structuring and systematizing different The article structures the theorizations available in Ukrainian Political Science on the factors, stages and varieties of migration and migration processes, in particular at the back- ground of a number of political and socio-economic events of the past decades of the early 21st century. This period was chosen taking into account the fact that at this time different and divergent migration processes were gradually expressed both within Ukraine and from Ukraine to other countries in Europe and the world. It was shown that the migration process necessarily includes four stages – initial or preparatory, basic, residence stage and return stage. The author revealed that these stages are inherent in different types of migration, although due to quite different factors, including economic, social, political/political-legal, environmental, cultural/ethno cultural, demographic and so on. In general, it was found that the topics of factors, stages and varieties of migration processes are well developed and structured in Ukrainian science.

The article is dedicated to theoretical and methodological analysis of the institutional factors and dimensions of stability of governments and political systems. Among them, attention was mainly focused on the peculiarities of the correlation of political and governmental stability with the parameters and types of political regimes (i.e. democratic, autocratic and hybrid ones), forms and systems of government (including presidential, parliamentary and mixed ones) and party and electoral systems. In general, it was found that among the factors that directly and indirectly affect the stability of governments and the stability of political systems in general, it is necessary to distinguish political, socio-economic, moral, ideological, socio-cultural ones, which can be combined and structured into institutional and non-institutional based on the variability of their relationship and mutual influence.