Suchergebnisse

Territory is the place where political authorities can affirm their public order and security concerns. Political power, in its modern forms, needs to be able to put its subjects under house arrest in order to control them; it is thus incapable of reconciling itself with any form of nomadism, which opposes its terms and functioning principles by definition. This thesis shows how the French central state organises itself against the mobility of a part of the gypsy populations that it categorizes as "gens du voyage" ("the travelling people"). The issue commands attention at two levels: on the one hand, the control of these populations concerns central authorities, but the problem of caravan parking must be addressed at the local level. This research examines the management of nomadism by the "Besson Law" of 5th July 2000, which is dedicated to the welcoming and accommodation of the gens du voyage and mandates the creation of welcoming areas (stopping places) for Gypsies in all towns over 5000 inhabitants. It will be argued that this law manages nomadism only partially control and welcoming issues do not constitute the entirety of the problem, but authorities have chosen to focus exclusively on these aspects. The first law to envisage welcoming the "gens du voyage", the Besson legislation fuses together the double logic of control and welcoming in the form of welcoming areas, presented as a technical solution to these problems. In fact, the law provides for a quite classical form of regulation that balances the local and the national levels: local authorities are charged with implementing the law, whereas the central state assures its correct functioning. ; Le territoire est le lieu d'affirmation d'une autorité politique préoccupée par les questions d'ordre public et de sécurité. Le pouvoir politique, dans ses formes modernes, a besoin d'assigner ses sujets à résidence, il s'accommode donc mal d'un nomadisme qui contrevient à ses modalités et principes de fonctionnement. Cette thèse s'attache à montrer comment ...

Territory is the place where political authorities can affirm their public order and security concerns. Political power, in its modern forms, needs to be able to put its subjects under house arrest in order to control them; it is thus incapable of reconciling itself with any form of nomadism, which opposes its terms and functioning principles by definition. This thesis shows how the French central state organises itself against the mobility of a part of the gypsy populations that it categorizes as "gens du voyage" ("the travelling people"). The issue commands attention at two levels: on the one hand, the control of these populations concerns central authorities, but the problem of caravan parking must be addressed at the local level. This research examines the management of nomadism by the "Besson Law" of 5th July 2000, which is dedicated to the welcoming and accommodation of the gens du voyage and mandates the creation of welcoming areas (stopping places) for Gypsies in all towns over 5000 inhabitants. It will be argued that this law manages nomadism only partially control and welcoming issues do not constitute the entirety of the problem, but authorities have chosen to focus exclusively on these aspects. The first law to envisage welcoming the "gens du voyage", the Besson legislation fuses together the double logic of control and welcoming in the form of welcoming areas, presented as a technical solution to these problems. In fact, the law provides for a quite classical form of regulation that balances the local and the national levels: local authorities are charged with implementing the law, whereas the central state assures its correct functioning. ; Le territoire est le lieu d'affirmation d'une autorité politique préoccupée par les questions d'ordre public et de sécurité. Le pouvoir politique, dans ses formes modernes, a besoin d'assigner ses sujets à résidence, il s'accommode donc mal d'un nomadisme qui contrevient à ses modalités et principes de fonctionnement. Cette thèse s'attache à montrer comment ...

Territory is the place where political authorities can affirm their public order and security concerns. Political power, in its modern forms, needs to be able to put its subjects under house arrest in order to control them; it is thus incapable of reconciling itself with any form of nomadism, which opposes its terms and functioning principles by definition. This thesis shows how the French central state organises itself against the mobility of a part of the gypsy populations that it categorizes as "gens du voyage" ("the travelling people"). The issue commands attention at two levels: on the one hand, the control of these populations concerns central authorities, but the problem of caravan parking must be addressed at the local level. This research examines the management of nomadism by the "Besson Law" of 5th July 2000, which is dedicated to the welcoming and accommodation of the gens du voyage and mandates the creation of welcoming areas (stopping places) for Gypsies in all towns over 5000 inhabitants. It will be argued that this law manages nomadism only partially control and welcoming issues do not constitute the entirety of the problem, but authorities have chosen to focus exclusively on these aspects. The first law to envisage welcoming the "gens du voyage", the Besson legislation fuses together the double logic of control and welcoming in the form of welcoming areas, presented as a technical solution to these problems. In fact, the law provides for a quite classical form of regulation that balances the local and the national levels: local authorities are charged with implementing the law, whereas the central state assures its correct functioning. ; Le territoire est le lieu d'affirmation d'une autorité politique préoccupée par les questions d'ordre public et de sécurité. Le pouvoir politique, dans ses formes modernes, a besoin d'assigner ses sujets à résidence, il s'accommode donc mal d'un nomadisme qui contrevient à ses modalités et principes de fonctionnement. Cette thèse s'attache à montrer comment l'Etat s'organise pour faire face à la mobilité d'une partie des populations tsiganes qu'il a catégorisée sous l'appellation « gens du voyage ». Cette question renvoie à une double dimension : celui du contrôle de ces populations qui concerne le niveau central et celui du stationnement des ces dernières qui relève du niveau local. Cette recherche propose donc d'étudier la gestion publique du nomadisme à partir de la loi Besson du 5 juillet 2000 relative à l'accueil et l'habitat des gens du voyage, qui prévoit l'obligation pour les communes de plus de 5000 habitants de disposer d'une aire d'accueil pour les gens du voyage. Il s'agit de montrer en quoi la gestion du nomadisme, à travers cette loi, n'est régulée que de façon partielle, puisque les enjeux de contrôle et d'accueil ne représentent qu'une partie du problème, mais sur lesquels les autorités ont décidé de se focaliser. La loi Besson de 2000 est la première loi à prévoir l'accueil des gens du voyage et combine une double logique d'accueil et de contrôle par le biais de l'aire d'accueil, avancée comme solution technique à ces problèmes. Elle prévoit finalement une répartition équilibrée, et somme toute assez classique, entre les niveaux local et central : aux collectivités territoriales la mise en œuvre de la loi, à l'Etat d'en faire assurer le bon déroulement.