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This incisive volume brings together postcolonial studies, visual culture and cultural memory studies to explain how the Netherlands continues to rediscover its history of violence in colonial Indonesia. Dutch commentators have frequently claimed that the colonial past and especially the violence associated with it has been 'forgotten' in the Netherlands. Uncovering 'lost' photographs and other documents of violence has thereby become a recurring feature aimed at unmasking a hidden truth.

The author argues that, rather than absent, such images have been consistently present in the Dutch public sphere and have been widely available in print, on television and now on the internet. Emerging Memory: Photographs of Colonial Atrocity in Dutch Cultural Remembrance shows that between memory and forgetting there is a haunted zone from which pasts that do not fit the stories nations live by keep on emerging and submerging while retaining their disturbing presence.

Abstract
EU telecommunications regulators have taken a more activist role than those in the US in promoting competition. How successful have they been? Dr. de Bijl notes that over the last decade, the outcomes predicted by EU policymakers have largely failed to materialize. Sustainable facilities-based competition is still remote. A return to monopolies is possible. For the US, this suggests regulation that focuses on promoting innovation and investment while preserving the social benefits of the Internet as a general purpose technology.

Abstract
EU telecommunications regulators have taken a more activist role than those in the US in promoting competition. How successful have they been? Dr. de Bijl notes that over the last decade, the outcomes predicted by EU policymakers have largely failed to materialize. Sustainable facilities-based competition is still remote. A return to monopolies is possible. For the US, this suggests regulation that focuses on promoting innovation and investment while preserving the social benefits of the Internet as a general purpose technology.

This paper presents a basic framework to assess whether structural (vertical) separation is desirable. It is discussed within the setting of fixed telecommunications markets. From an economist's perspective, the key question that underlies the case for structural separation is: is there a persistent bottleneck? The obvious candidate is the ?local loop?, or local access network. If yes then it makes sense to compare the costs and benefits of structural separation. The framework provides a set of options that the regulator can use strategically, by using the threat of a break-up to influence an incumbent's competitive stance in the wholesale market.