Ukraine is a 'border' society, situated culturally and socio-politically between Eurasian and Euro-Atlantic poles of attraction. The influence of these two distinct cultures can be seen throughout Ukrainian society, but particularly in its migration patterns. In this book, Dr Hab. Y. Bilan analyses external migration from Ukraine using the system analysis approach combining econometric analysis and statistical modelling, historiographical and institutional analyses along with quantitative and qualitative sociological analysis with special attention to media discourse and congregational, demographic, gender and regional dimensions.
"Ukraine is a 'border' society, situated culturally and socio-politically between Eurasian and Euro-Atlantic poles of attraction. The influence of these two distinct cultures can be seen throughout Ukrainian society, but particularly in its migration patterns. In this book, Dr Hab. Y. Bilan analyses external migration from Ukraine using the system analysis approach combining econometric analysis and statistical modelling, historiographical and institutional analyses along with quantitative and qualitative sociological analysis with special attention to media discourse and congregational, demographic, gender and regional dimensions."
The study aims to investigate the role of leadership in creativity development, including opportunities arising from the attractiveness of countries for intellectual migrants. Using the authors' approach for assessing leadership development in the European Union, it is found that the leading positions belong to Finland with an integral index value of 0.85, Denmark (0.83), and the Netherlands (0.76). To test hypotheses about the significant influence of leadership on the attractiveness of countries for intellectual migrants and creativity development, correlation analysis was used. Creativity development was analysed based on the most frequently used indicators of creative economics dynamics. Besides, it was considered that the most obvious result of creative thinking is the innovation development of the countries. The resulting pairwise correlation coefficients for the European Union show a strong relationship between the level of leadership and a country's ability to attract (0.73) and retain talent (0.80). A positive impact of leadership on creativity development is confirmed by the links with the overall value of the Global Innovation Index (0.79), the growth of innovative companies (0.81), creative outputs (0.58), and cultural employment (0.68). The obtained results prove the need for the development of leadership competencies as an important driver of creativity, talent attraction and generation of innovative solutions.
There is no doubt that women play a vital role in all aspects of economic activities around the globe. However, despite the great efforts that governments have made over the past three decades to increase women's integration into the labor market, their participation is still relatively low compared to men. On the other hand, economic literature argues that the government can use fiscal policy tools such as tax revenue and spending to decrease gender inequality in the labor market. The aim of this paper is to investigate the impact of government spending and tax revenue shocks on the female labor force participation rate (the share of women in the total labor force) in Egypt. Annual time-series data were collected from the Central Bank of Egypt and the World Bank from 1990 to 2021, where the vector autoregressive (VAR) model and impulse response functions have been used. The results suggest that government spending and tax revenue shocks increase gross domestic product (GDP) growth rate, female labor force participation, and inflation. Results validated the research hypotheses and showed that a one standard deviation shock to either government spending or tax revenue has a positive impact on female labor force participation. Therefore, the study recommends that using an expansionary fiscal policy may increase the accessibility of Egyptian women to the labor market.
This article examines financial support (especially EU Structural Funds as the main tool of cohesion policy) for investments as a lever for the development of SME innovativeness in Poland. The European Commission strongly stresses the importance of their cohesion policy and support for SMEs. European enterprises have suffered significantly from the credit crunch, and the situation could worsen as banks engage in restructuring to eliminate impaired assets from their balance sheets. Supporting SMEs and promoting entrepreneurship is essential for economic development and competitiveness, especially in less developed regions. The main aim of this study is to establish the impact of financial support for investments, especially from EU Structural Funds, on SME competitiveness in Poland. We have analyzed empirically the data drawn from CATI carried out among 805 firms. We have learned how SMEs assess the financial support from different sources along with the resulting impact on the competitiveness of SMEs. The main statistical test for relationships and dependencies was the chi-square independence test and Cramer's V. The results of our research show that SMEs have not used financial support efficiently. Moreover, micro-enterprises were shown to be the least effective after receiving financial support from EU funds. This support often has a demand-driven effect, but it does not improve firm competitiveness. ; European Commission, EC
This study is devoted to presentation of the concept of risk, and the possibility of applying mathematical methods in supporting decision making in the energy sector to promote sustainable energy development. The problem with risk assessment in the energy sector arises mainly due to the difficulty of expressing risk in numerical terms. To avoid risk, it is necessary to set the criteria and objectives of measurement before making decisions in the energy sector. The aim of this study is to try to fill in this gap by means of comparing decisions under risk conditions within models supporting energy decisions. The authors' focus is on the problem of risk in supporting decision making towards sustainable energy sector development, which is the main target of the European Union (EU) energy policies. Without the ability to determine the probability of occurrence of certain phenomena and their inclusion into the model, it is not possible to determine how well the solutions resulting from the models are accurate, and what is the probability of their implementation under specific conditions linked to renewable energy development
The actual EU strategies of sustainable development have determined a very fast increase in biodiesel consumption within the EU, especially since 2005. In line with these developments, the main aim of this paper is to evaluate the impact from biodiesel consumption by transport on economic growth of the EU. The identification of some groups of countries according to economic growth and biodiesel consumption in transport (cluster analysis) was performed. The relationship between economic growth and energy based on biodiesel consumption (panel data models and Granger causality on panel data) was assessed. In this context, using the available data, we assessed the effects of biodiesel consumption by transport on economic growth in the EU over the period 2010–2016. The results based on the panel data approach indicate a positive, but very low impact of energy obtained from biodiesel consumption by transport on the EU's economic growth. An increase in energy based on biodiesel by one thousand tons of oil equivalent generated, on average, an increase of 0.0019 percentage points in the real GDP rate in the EU during the period of 2010–2016. There is only a unidirectional Granger causality relationship between these two variables: the biodiesel consumption Granger caused the EU economic growth from 2010 to 2016. Policy recommendations should focus on the extension of biodiesel consumption for transport within the EU by establishing a higher minim percentage of biodiesel in transport.
The EU today is the main biodiesel producer in the entire world. Many countries are promoting biodiesel production for various reasons: for satisfying their own internal growing need for energy, to ensure fuels' availability for the transport sector, thus lowering the dependence on fossil fuels, for more efficient combating of climate changes. The actual strategies of sustainable development have determined a very fast increase in biodiesel consumption within the EU, especially since 2005. In this context, using the available data, we assessed the effects of biodiesel consumption by transport on economic growth in the EU over the period 2010-2016. The results based on the panel data approach indicate a positive, but very low impact of energy obtained from biodiesel consumption by transport on the EU's economic growth. There is only a unidirectional causality relationship between these two variables: the biodiesel consumption Granger caused the EU economic growth from 2010 to 2016. Policy recommendations should focus on the extension of biodiesel consumption for transport within the EU by establishing a higher minim percentage of biodiesel in transport. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.ee.30.1.21831
The actual EU strategies of sustainable development have determined a very fast increase in biodiesel consumption within the EU, especially since 2005. In line with these developments, the main aim of this paper is to evaluate the impact from biodiesel consumption by transport on economic growth of the EU. The identification of some groups of countries according to economic growth and biodiesel consumption in transport (cluster analysis) was performed. The relationship between economic growth and energy based on biodiesel consumption (panel data models and Granger causality on panel data) was assessed. In this context, using the available data, we assessed the effects of biodiesel consumption by transport on economic growth in the EU over the period 2010-2016. The results based on the panel data approach indicate a positive, but very low impact of energy obtained from biodiesel consumption by transport on the EU 's economic growth. An increase in energy based on biodiesel by one thousand tons of oil equivalent generated, on average, an increase of 0.0019 percentage points in the real GDP rate in the EU during the period of 2010-2016. There is only a unidirectional Granger causality relationship between these two variables: the biodiesel consumption Granger caused the EU economic growth from 2010 to 2016. Policy recommendations should focus on the extension of biodiesel consumption for transport within the EU by establishing a higher minim percentage of biodiesel in transport.
