Suchergebnisse

EFSA performed a human exposure assessment for perchlorate taking into account occurrence data in the EFSA database from samples taken after 1 September 2013. A data set of 18,217 analytical results provided by governmental organisations of 16 European countries was available. Some data were also provided by food business operators. Several food groups were represented in the data set. Relatively high mean middle bound occurrence values were found in dried products, like 'Tea and herbs for infusion' (324 μg/kg) and 'Herbs, spices and condiments' (63 μg/kg), and in some fresh vegetables, like 'Radishes' (117 μg/kg), 'Rocket salad, rucola' (75 μg/kg) and 'Spinach (fresh)' (132 μg/kg). The mean and P95 of exposure to perchlorate across dietary surveys were estimated using chronic and short‐term scenarios across different population groups. In the chronic scenario, infants, toddlers and other children showed exposure in the range (minimum lower bound (LB)–maximum upper bound (UB)) 0.04–0.61 μg/kg body weight (bw) per day, while in the older population groups, the range was 0.04–0.19 μg/kg bw per day; similarly, in the young population groups, the P95 of chronic exposure range was 0.09–1.0 μg/kg bw per day, while in the older population groups, it was 0.07–0.34 μg/kg bw per day. 'Vegetable and vegetable products', 'Milk and dairy products' and 'Fruit and fruit products' were found to be important contributors to the exposure across all population groups. Other food groups were relevant for specific population groups. The mean short‐term exposure of infants, toddlers and other children was in the range of 0.40–2.3 μg/kg bw per day, while in the older population groups, the range was 0.26–1.3 μg/kg bw per day; similarly, in the young population groups, the P95 short‐term exposure range was 0.94–6.5 μg/kg bw per day, while in the older population groups, the range was 0.67–3.6 μg/kg bw per day.

The European Commission requested EFSA to evaluate whether a series of dyes are covered by the 'Guidance on methodological principles and scientific methods to be taken into account when establishing Reference Points for Action (RPAs) for non‐allowed pharmacologically active substances present in food of animal origin' and to which group they should be attributed according to this guidance. Although these substances are not registered for use in food‐producing animals in the European Union, they may be used illegally in aquaculture for their antimicrobial properties. It was concluded that acriflavine, 3‐aminoacridine, aminoacridine, basic blue 7, brilliant green, leucobrilliant green, C.I. basic blue 26, chloranil, crystal violet, leucocrystal violet, dichlone, ethyl violet, methylene blue, new methylene blue, Nile blue, pararosaniline base, proflavine, proflavine hydrochloride, rhodamine 6G and trypan red are covered by the guidance document and belong to group I. A toxicological screening value of 0.0025 μg/kg body weight per day is applicable. Azure blue and potassium permanganate were excluded from the evaluation due to their inorganic nature.