Suchergebnisse

Research has suggested that social networks are important resources for children as well as for adults to resist health problems. For asylum seeking children social networking might be hard to accomplish due to constraints linked to social and legal contexts in the host country. Constraints can also be linked to the family situation and the circumstances they have to cope with in everyday life. The situation of parents, in particular mothers, is important for the coping of children. The over arching research objective is to identify factors that are important for well being of children seeking asylum and to study how they cope with their experiences as asylum seekers. The tension between excluding experiences and expectations regarding how the situation of the child and it's family should improve or deteriorate after the flight is for a child a constitutive reference for how coping strategies are developed. In the analysis I draw on theoretical concepts of resilience, social capital, trust and social recognition. This paper draws on results from an interdisciplinary research project Asylum-seeking children's welfare, health and well-being. Gothenburg Research on Asylum seeking Children in Europe (GRACE), Goteborg University and Nordic School of Public Health, Gothenburg. The study was financed by the European Refugee Fund. The empirical data are based on qualitative interviews with parents and children who have waited for decisions regarding permanent residence for several months and sometimes more than a year.

Die Gleichheit der Geschlechter schließt ein Recht auf gleiche Erwerbschancen und auf ökonomische Unabhängigkeit ein. Beide Geschlechter haben die Pflicht und das Recht, die Haus- und Familienarbeit zu teilen; sie sollen gleichermaßen an den Aktivitäten ihrer Kommunen teilnehmen und sich anderweitig politisch betätigen können. Institutionelle Regelungen, die für die heutige "Zwei-Verdiener-Zwei-Partner"-Familie konstitutiv sind, wie die Individualbesteuerung, der Elternurlaub, öffentliche Betreuungsangebote für hilfsbedürftige Kinder, Ältere oder Behinderte, bieten in Schweden - im Vergleich zu anderen Ländern - die Voraussetzungen für Gleichheit in den Geschlechterbeziehungen. Der vorliegende Beitrag fragt danach, wie weit die Geschlechtergleichheit in Schweden angesichts eines institutionellen Rahmens, der explizit zur Förderung der Gleichheit zwischen Frauen und Männern in der Familie geschaffen wurde, vorangeschritten ist. Dazu werden politische Leitbilder der Geschlechtergleichheit mit Blick auf die praktizierte Gleichheit in Familien und auf das diesen Praktiken zugrunde liegende Alltagsverständnis von Gleichheit analysiert. Abschließend diskutiert die Autorin aktuelle sozialpolitische Entwicklungen im Bereich der Kinder- und Altenbetreuung. Die Frage, inwieweit institutionelle Regelungen - sozusagen von oben - Gleichheit in der Familie bewirken können, leitet insgesamt die Überlegungen. (ICA2)

The article examines the goals and ideologies of Swedish arrangements for parental leave and public child care for working parents. Two important goals are gender equality in work, and gender equality in family life and child welfare. It is argued that gender equality has been advanced to some extent as women have been able to integrate paid work into their lives. The choice of taking parental leave is, however, more conditional for men, and it is taken for granted that women take on the lion's share. It is concluded that the reform is more of a farsighted welfare policy for children than a policy for promoting gender equality.

In Sweden de-familialization is since several decades an established policy in the sense that the state has acquired a significant responsibility for the welfare of individuals, independent of the family he/she belongs to. In debates concerning the relations between support from the welfare state and the family one recurring statement is that in taking over the family responsibility, the state has contributed to the weakening of support between family generations in Swedish families. Results from a survey covering 2666 randomly chosen individuals from 18 years regarding intergenerational support partly supports this assumption. What then about practical support? To which extent is there a flow of practical support between kin and which are the determinants behind such support? The focus of the article will be on giving and reception of practical support to and by members of the family belonging to different generations. The questions asked are the role of needs, emotional closeness and family of origin for giving and receiving practical support. Financial support will also be discussed based on results from the same study. Indicators of closeness will be used in the analysis as well as experiences of disruption in families. Further, which motives are regarded as legitimate for giving and receiving support between kin members of different family types. We draw on theory of moral economy, reciprocity and gift giving in the analysis. Following the arguments within the framework of 'moral economy' we distinguish different motives behind material and practical support exchanged between family members. Transfers of material and practical support can be linked to needs of such support. It can also be linked to a normative obligation - a family member feels obliged to help. Further it can be linked to desires to keep the family together, which basically can be regarded as an aspect of obligation. Finally it can be linked to motives to sustain personal relationships through strengthening emotional ties.

"Family policy in Sweden has three major purposes: to promote equal opportunities between men and women, to reduce the costs for parents of raising children, and third to provide affordable and high quality childcare for all children. An adult worker model has been the model for family policy in Sweden since 1960-1970. To accomplish this model, a priority has been to bring women into the labour market. For this goal to be accomplished a wide range of de-familialisation policies has been introduced. Within the framework of social insurance extensive rights to reimbursed parental leave for both mothers and fathers were established in the 1970s and gradually extended over the years. For the last decade policies have focussed on fatherhood and the rights of children to have access to both mothers and fathers. Neutrality has been applied within the system but there was a preference for individualised rights to parental leave in order to encourage fathers to take more parental leave. Public childcare has high coverage and is now an integral part of the educational programmes for children." (author's abstract)

"Family policy in Sweden has three major purposes: to promote equal opportunities between men and women, to reduce the costs for parents of raising children, and third to provide affordable and high quality childcare for all children. An adult worker model has been the model for family policy in Sweden since 1960-1970. To accomplish this model, a priority has been to bring women into the labour market. For this goal to be accomplished a wide range of de-familialisation policies has been introduced. Within the framework of social insurance extensive rights to reimbursed parental leave for both mothers and fathers were established in the 1970s and gradually extended over the years. For the last decade policies have focussed on fatherhood and the rights of children to have access to both mothers and fathers. Neutrality has been applied within the system but there was a preference for individualised rights to parental leave in order to encourage fathers to take more parental leave. Public childcare has high coverage and is now an integral part of the educational programmes for children." (author's abstract).