Exposure and Response Prevention as an Evidence-Based Treatment for Obsessive–Compulsive Disorder: Considerations for Social Work Practice
In: Clinical social work journal, Volume 43, Issue 1, p. 38-49
ISSN: 1573-3343
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In: Clinical social work journal, Volume 43, Issue 1, p. 38-49
ISSN: 1573-3343
In: Social work in mental health: the journal of behavioral and psychiatric social work, Volume 14, Issue 2, p. 112-132
ISSN: 1533-2993
In: Social work research, Volume 46, Issue 4, p. 332-341
ISSN: 1545-6838
Abstract
Social isolation is common among individuals with schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders. Research indicates that social isolation relates to poorer mental health outcomes, depression, and negative symptoms, with less known about its relationship with positive symptoms. This study examined depression as a mediator in the relationships between positive symptoms (i.e., hallucinations and delusions) and social isolation among an early treatment phase sample in the United States. Data were obtained from the Recovery After an Initial Schizophrenia Episode project of the National Institute of Mental Health's Early Treatment Program. Participants (N = 404) included adults between ages 15 and 40 in a first episode of psychosis. Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling in Mplus (Version 8). The study showed that delusions (b = .095, SE = 0.04, p < .05) and hallucinations (b = .076, SE = 0.03, p < .01) were directly related to depression, and that both delusions (b = .129, SE = 0.06, p < .05) and depression (b = .254, SE = 0.09, p < .05) were directly related to social isolation. Findings of this study determined that depression functioned as a mediator in the relationships between positive symptoms and social isolation. Targeting psychosis symptomatology and depression in treatment, improving social skills and social support networks, and considering the role of stigma in social isolation are of great importance in the prevention of poorer mental health outcomes.
In: Crisis: the journal of crisis intervention and suicide prevention, Volume 43, Issue 3, p. 228-235
ISSN: 2151-2396
Abstract. Risk-taking is associated with suicide among depressed adolescents. In the United States, alcohol is among the most used substances resulting in need for treatment. While alcohol use relates to greater depression and suicidality, less is known about these relationships with risk-taking tendencies, particularly among adult populations. The current study examined suicidal ideation, alcohol use, depression, and risk-taking tendencies among adults 18–65 years old who participated in the 2017 National Survey on Drug Use and Health. Structural equation modeling was used to examine the specific aims in Mplus8. A total of 1,740 (21.4%) participants endorsed suicidal ideation. The model demonstrated good fit and findings indicate increases in alcohol abuse or dependence ( b = 0.094, SE = 0.01, p < .001), depression ( b = 0.036, SE = 0.01, p < .001), and risk-taking ( b = 0.044, SE = 0.01, p < .001) all independently related to increased odds of ideation. Increases in alcohol abuse or dependence ( b = 0.210, SE = 0.02, p < .001) and depression ( b = 0.026, SE = 0.01, p < .05) also related to elevated risk-taking. Based on the joint significance test, risk-taking tendencies served as a partial mediator, functioning as a mechanism in the relationships between alcohol use, depression, and ideation. Risk-taking thus serves as an important treatment target in the prevention of suicide. Implications for practice and future research are discussed.
In: Journal of family social work, Volume 22, Issue 4-5, p. 337-351
ISSN: 1540-4072
In: Children and youth services review: an international multidisciplinary review of the welfare of young people, Volume 85, p. 239-244
ISSN: 0190-7409
In: Children and youth services review: an international multidisciplinary review of the welfare of young people, Volume 93, p. 270-275
ISSN: 0190-7409
In: Research on social work practice, Volume 29, Issue 5, p. 584-589
ISSN: 1552-7581
In: Clinical social work journal, Volume 48, Issue 1, p. 63-63
ISSN: 1573-3343
In: Clinical social work journal, Volume 48, Issue 1, p. 54-62
ISSN: 1573-3343
In: Research on social work practice, Volume 30, Issue 1, p. 74-83
ISSN: 1552-7581
Purpose: The aims of this study are to describe an adaptation process of a research-supported treatment (RST) for children with oppositional defiant disorder and to examine provider attitudes toward RSTs prior to and following this process. Method: Providers from 14 agencies in New York State delivered the adapted RST, following training. Attitudes toward RSTs were measured by the Evidence-Based Practice Attitude Scale at baseline and posttest. Results: Openness toward RSTs decreased from baseline to posttest. The majority of providers reported modifications to the structure and process of the intervention. Discussion: To improve the uptake and usability of RSTs in practice, future research must further address adaptation processes and their relationships to attitudes toward RSTs.
In: Families in society: the journal of contemporary human services, Volume 104, Issue 2, p. 154-166
ISSN: 1945-1350
Early treatment of behavioral problems can prevent their progression into intractable disorders. This study examined the impact of a multiple family group (MFG) intervention for children with behavior symptoms and their families. Fifty-four ( n = 54) caregiver/child dyads with sub-clinical levels of oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) participated in a 16-week MFG. Child, caregiver, and family outcomes were assessed at baseline, post-treatment, and at 6 months follow-up. Significant decreases in impairment with parents, family members, and peers, and improvements in child self-esteem were found from baseline to follow-up. Caregiver stress increased; no significant changes in depression or perceived social support were found over time. The effectiveness of MFG as a preventive approach and areas of future research are discussed.
In: Children and youth services review: an international multidisciplinary review of the welfare of young people, Volume 104, p. 104385
ISSN: 0190-7409
In: Children and youth services review: an international multidisciplinary review of the welfare of young people, Volume 110, p. 104774
ISSN: 0190-7409
In: Social work: a journal of the National Association of Social Workers, Volume 61, Issue 3, p. 199-207
ISSN: 1545-6846
Abstract
In the United States more than 10,000 people are released from state and federal prisons every week and often reenter the communities in which they were arrested. Formerly incarcerated individuals face considerable challenges to securing employment and housing. Subsequently, approximately two-thirds of former prisoners are rearrested within three years of their release. Latino men represent the fastest growing ethnic group of prisoners in the United States with unique cultural and social needs during the reentry process. The present study examined the role of the family in the reentry process through in-depth interviews (N = 16) with formerly incarcerated Latino men (FILM). The authors sought to identify familial processes specific to Latino men with potential to affect engagement and participation in reentry programs. Findings suggest that family mechanisms of social control and social support influence FILM's reentry. Social work practitioners who work with this growing population can engage familial processes to prevent recidivism and promote desistance.