Suchergebnisse

This document is the initial version of the MAVEN Transition Roadmap. The report presents the MAVEN project's expert views and recommendations for the transition of traffic management at signalised intersections along urban corridors from the present conventional transport world into a connected, cooperative and automated world. This vision is delivered by the MAVEN consortium. From a road authority's perspective, the transition path to a cooperative, connected and automated world looks uncertain. Inevitably, conventional, Cooperative Intelligent Transport Systems (C-ITS) and automation equipped vehicles and roadside equipment will co-exist for some time. Vehicles will also co-exist with other types of non-motorised road users, such as pedestrians and cyclists. The Roadmap aims to assist local authorities in determining their role and responsibilities, giving special attention to the role of traffic management and its level of guidance at various phases of the transition. The Roadmap considers political, institutional and organisational aspects, and identifies priorities related to the safety and comfort of special category road users such as public transport vehicles, vulnerable road users, logistics vehicles, and emergency vehicles. Moreover it identifies steps to be taken by policy-makers, road-authorities, standardsdevelopment organisations and other stakeholders on the route to a high penetration of highly or fully infrastructure-supported automated vehicles.

Introduction: Only one-third of the European population meets the minimum recommended levels of physical activity (PA). Physical inactivity is a major risk factor for non-communicable diseases. Walking and cycling for transport (active mobility, AM) are well suited to provide regular PA. The European research project Physical Activity through Sustainable Transport Approaches (PASTA) pursues the following aims: (1) to investigate correlates and interrelations of AM, PA, air pollution and crash risk; (2) to evaluate the effectiveness of selected interventions to promote AM; (3) to improve health impact assessment (HIA) of AM; (4) to foster the exchange between the disciplines of public health and transport planning, and between research and practice. Methods and analysis: PASTA pursues a mixedmethod and multilevel approach that is consistently applied in seven case study cities. Determinants of AM and the evaluation of measures to increase AM are investigated through a large scale longitudinal survey, with overall 14 000 respondents participating in Antwerp, Barcelona, London, Örebro, Rome, Vienna and Zurich. Contextual factors are systematically gathered in each city. PASTA generates empirical findings to improve HIA for AM, for example, with estimates of crash risks, factors on AM-PA substitution and carbon emissions savings from mode shifts. Findings from PASTA will inform WHO's online Health Economic Assessment Tool on the health benefits from cycling and/or walking. The study's wide scope, the combination of qualitative and quantitative methods and health and transport methods, the innovative survey design, the general and city-specific analyses, and the transdisciplinary composition of the consortium and the wider network of partners promise highly relevant insights for research and practice. Ethics and dissemination: Ethics approval has been obtained by the local ethics committees in the countries where the work is being conducted, and sent to the European Commission before the start of the survey. The PASTA website (http://www.pastaproject.eu) is at the core of all communication and dissemination activities. ; This work is supported by the European project Physical Activity through Sustainable Transportation Approaches (PASTA), which has partners in London, Rome, Antwerp, Örebro, Vienna, Zurich, and Barcelona. PASTA (http://www.pastaproject.eu/) is a 4-year project funded by the European Union's Seventh Framework Program under EC-GA No. 602624-2 (FP7-HEALTH-2013-INNOVATION-1).