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Auditing – in all its forms – is of particular importance to ensure efficient, transparent and accountable management of health funds and to ensure the provision of quality medical services to patients. The authors, through the present work, reveal - based on the study of specialized literature and reports issued by some specialized institutions - that both internal and external public audit is intended to prevent fraud, thus protecting resources and ensuring the provision of medical services of quality for patients, but also to help identify errors in the funds management process, so that they can be properly corrected and thus ensure an efficient management of resources intended for health insurance in Romania. Equally important is the fact that the audit contributes to increasing transparency in the use of health funds, improving the performance of the health system and ensuring compliance with the rules and regulations in force regarding the management of health funds, so as to avoid unnecessary expenses and ensure the provision of quality medical services. The structure of this paper includes, following this introductory part (1): Management of health insurance funds and ensuring the financing of medical services in Romania (2); Findings of the external public audit regarding the management of health insurance funds (3) and Conclusions (4).

In the context of the particular importance of residency in medicine, aimed at ensuring the selection of the best candidates for specialization programs and guaranteeing the existence of an optimal number of medical specialists to provide quality medical services, we will insist in this paper on the particular dynamics of the resources of human and financial order, amplified in the last period, referring to the normative framework applicable to this matter. The system under discussion is a vast one, only if we think only of the number of resident doctors and pharmacists in training in 2022, which is 30,250, of which 21,882 in the field of Medicine. Also, the institutional framework applicable to it is one of the most complex. The structure of this paper includes, following this introductory part (1): Theoretical background (2), Research methodology (3), Approach regarding the status of the resident doctor based on the legislation applicable to medical residency (4), Dynamics of the number of places and resources of a financial-budgetary nature allocated annually to medical residency in the recent period. Effects obtained (5) and Conclusions (6).

Intro -- Contents -- About the Editor -- About the Contributors -- List of Contributors -- Part I: Neuro-psychology and Gaming -- Chapter 1: Violent Video Games and Cognitive Processes: A Neuropsychological Approach -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.1.1 Neurobiology of Game Addiction -- 1.1.2 Video Games and Cognitive Processes -- 1.1.2.1 Memory -- 1.1.2.2 Attention and Visuo-Spatial Perception -- 1.1.2.3 Inhibition -- 1.2 Method -- 1.2.1 Participants -- 1.2.2 Materials -- 1.2.2.1 Game Addiction Symptoms List -- 1.2.2.2 Game Addiction Scale -- 1.2.2.3 Working Memory Task -- 1.2.2.4 Object Recognition Task -- 1.2.2.5 Visual Spatial Memory Task -- 1.2.2.6 Response Inhibition Task -- 1.2.2.7 Emotional Memory Task -- 1.2.3 Procedure -- 1.3 Results -- 1.3.1 Group Comparisons on Working Memory Task -- 1.3.2 Group Comparisons on Object Recognition Task -- 1.3.3 Group Comparisons on Response Inhibition Task -- 1.4 Discussion -- References -- Chapter 2: Why Games Are Fun? The Reward System in the Human Brain -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.1.1 Play and Game -- 2.1.2 Evolution of Play -- 2.2 Reward and Operant Conditioning -- 2.3 The Reward System -- 2.3.1 Intrinsic Rewards and Motivation -- 2.3.2 Gaming Stimuli as Reward -- 2.3.3 "Gaming Literature" on Why We Play -- 2.4 Conclusion -- References -- Part II: Player Behavior and Gameplay -- Chapter 3: Pleasure in Pain: How Accumulation in Gaming Systems Can Lead to Grief -- 3.1 "Pleasure or Pain" Versus "Pleasure in Pain" -- 3.2 Prospect Theory: Foreseeing "Pleasure Versus Pain" as "Gain Versus Loss" in Decision Making -- 3.3 "Promotion or Prevention" and How They Fit Within Gaming or Gamified Structures -- 3.4 Regulatory Focus, Regulatory Fit, and Abnormal Gaming Behavior -- 3.5 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 4: Goal-Directed Player Behavior in Computer Games -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Game Mechanics.

This paper investigates issues related to the public health system in the North-East Region of Romania, focusing on possibilities for addressing/improving specific deficiencies/difficulties. The concerned region is characterized by the highest and densest population in the country, with a significant proportion of residents in rural areas (55%) and a high level of poverty. Population health indicators are among the weakest nationally, and the healthcare infrastructure is inadequate for the population's needs, with an uneven distribution that generates significant inequalities in access to medical services in the respective counties. Starting from the (statistical) certainty that Romania ranks among EU member states with the highest avoidable mortality, the paper addresses both preventable causes through public health interventions and treatable causes through quality care. After a brief introduction, the overall state of the public health system in Romania is examined, followed by a detailed analysis of the main issue stated in the title, highlighting multiple critical aspects based on data and information from official reports of prestigious institutions. Special attention is given to specific issues in local communities related to healthcare infrastructure and the provision of medical services, as well as possible solutions offered through the implementation of the General Regional Health Services Plan 2021-2027 in the North-East Region. The paper concludes with a section of conclusions, which includes perspectives on the future development of the analyzed sector.

The latest innovations in the field of electronics and telecommunications have revolutionised and brought new dimensions to human activities. As well as in other sectors, we observe that a wide range of electronic means have also shown their utility in criminal justice. Undergoing continuous development, these means ensure efficient monitoring of subjects and contribute to higher efficiency of judiciary systems, and provide "more humane" conditions compared with traditional incarceration for offenders when they execute criminal penalties. In this context, this study discussed the main challenges faced by Romania in implementing electronic monitoring (EM) devices in court proceedings and in the execution of criminal penalties. These have been researched from different perspectives, including those related to the current legal framework, opportunities provided by today's developments in electronics, and in terms of financial public resources allocated for such purposes. Our study is among the few articles published on this topic and it brings to light both the advantages of introducing the Electronic Monitoring Information System (EMIS) in Romania, as well as the limitations, and overviews the international experience in this area by assessing the measures that have been taken so far worldwide to implement EMIS effectively. The final part of the paper presents the study conclusions, its limitations, and future lines of research.