Suchergebnisse

Whereas post-independence development led to massive industrialisation, the changes which shook the Algerian economy from the end of the 1970s onwards are part of a genuine transformation of the whole society towards the famous market economy. Successive restructurings of public-sector enterprises since 1980 are at the heart of the reforms. Organic restructuring, autonomy, and threats of privatisation turned upside down the role - primarily industrial - attributed to the economy and particularly to its public sector. Algeria's slide into a major economic crisis has particularly affected industry : a drop in production to recession levels; a worsening of dependence on external goods; a deterioration of equipment until the machines broke down ; etc. The social and territorial consequences are numerous: redundancies by the thousand and increasing unemployment, dissolution of companies, abandonment of activity, dec1ine in purchasing power and poverty, strengthening of regional inequalities, and the rise of the informal sector. V The globalisation context is not unrelated to the crisis (fluctuation in the price of hydrocarbons, weight of the debt, pressure from the international financial organisations to respect the structural adjustment programmes and to reduce the public sector, industrial strategies, etc.). The role of the state is however placed in question as its disengagement decreases its legitimacy. In this regard, the parallel progression towards serious economic difficulties, and unprecedented social and political conflicts, is disconcerting. Unless this involves the various facets of a single crisis ? Whereas the public-sector companies are promised for privatisation, this task entails the carrying out of a stock-check of the state of the Algerian industrial sector, its deficiencies, in particular technological, its needs as well as the positions of those most affected - the employees and managers. ; Alors que le développement post-indépendance a abouti à une industrialisation massive, les transformations ...

Depuis deux décennies, le secteur public algérien, issu de Industrialisation massive post-indépendance, est marqué par un processus de restructurations. Les puissantes sociétés nationales sont découpées, puis «autonomisées», assainies financièrement, filialisées ou dissoutes. Les phases successives de la réorganisation conduisent à une dégradation considérable de la production industrielle et au déclin du potentiel de ces entreprises. La logique introduite mène au désengagement de l'État et à la privatisation. Les effets sociaux sont immenses. Cependant, les difficultés de cession au privé témoignent de résistances comme du contexte sécuritaire. L'enjeu majeur est sans doute dans la définition d'une véritable stratégie industrielle prenant en compte le poids du secteur des hydrocarbures et la valorisation des capacités industrielles et humaines.