Suchergebnisse

We measure consumers' use of cash by harmonizing payment diary surveys from seven countries: Australia, Austria, Canada, France, Germany, the Netherlands, and the United States (conducted 2009 through 2012). Our paper finds important cross-country differences, for example, the level of cash usage differs across countries. Cash has not disappeared as a payment instrument, especially for low-value transactions. We also find that the use of cash is strongly correlated with transaction size, demographics, and point-of-sale characteristics, such as merchant card acceptance and venue.

Résumé Les travaux théoriques sur l'efficacité des systèmes de divisions monétaires ( sdm ) supposent que les montants payés en espèces dans l'économie sont répartis uniformément sur un intervalle. Dans ce travail, nous exploitons une distribution empirique des transactions en espèces et nous comparons l'efficacité du sdm européen sur cette distribution et sur une distribution uniforme. Nous montrons que le degré de concurrence entre les instruments de paiement, la proportion élevée de montants arrondis et faibles dans la distribution empirique améliorent l'efficacité du sdm européen en comparaison de celle obtenue avec la distribution uniforme.

AbstractThis article investigates the strategies of a data broker selling information to one or to two competing firms. The data broker combines segments of the consumer demand that allow firms to third‐degree price discriminate consumers. We show that the data broker (1) sells information on consumers with the highest willingness to pay; (2) keeps consumers with low willingness to pay unidentified. The data broker strategically chooses to withhold information on consumer demand to soften competition between firms. These results hold under first‐degree price discrimination, which is a limit case when information is perfect.