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The Angels Won't Help You is a book about the uniqueness and primacy of help, particularly in relation to care, love, and caritas. It relies heavily on psychoanalytic and philosophical accounts of help and care and finds that help requires the establishment of a real relationship between persons, where help is given and received in a transitional space that is collapsed by care, unity, or love, which are mental constellations that, while profound, remain within the individuals involved. It contains reflections, memoir, and prose poetry, with an emphasis on psycho-philosophical examinations of help.

In trying to understand help, especially in the ways that it is not a synonym for care, Bowker turns to diverse sources and topics, including treatments of children in a helpless world, as featured in the literature of Kathy Acker and Jerzy Kosiński, a first-person account of help in psychiatric hospitals, an analysis of the phenomenon of Japanese hikikomori ("shutting oneself in"), anxiety and helplessness, an exploration of the nature of help and helplessness in Wilfred Bion's "Attacks on Linking," a rethinking of trauma in light of the circuital structure of the self, and more.

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Put differently, The Angels Won't Help You is a cruel helpless hopeless book raised in Texas roped ridden waddled clowned it developed catastrophic methods of coping. Angels' mama split her tongue and hissed her words like silent / soldier / crisis in the torment of her sunken trailer in the summer where Angels practiced lighting cigarettes with her eyes fetching fireflies making tinctures of dead tissue becoming extraordinarily promiscuous. Angels' nature was to hide in dark places to ride with abandon to sink in the spurs to gnash silver teeth to kick up tipped boots ruining every square dance. Angels, you make me need like a choke rope dream of being sick from head to foot. You are the petaled froth on every steep lapel. You are original and dilapidated depilatory and inflationary ovulary and delusional. O Angels, the scholars will say I failed to know you address you presage you protect you protest you, but we know the truth.

Contents -- Notes on Contributors -- List of Figures -- Chapter 1: Introduction -- Recentering the Subject -- "Do We Still Want to Be Subjects?" -- Guilt for Being and Not Being -- Winnicottian Interventions -- Part I: The Subject's Creation: Aggression, Isolation, and Destruction -- Part II: The Subject Faced with Deprivation and Disaster -- Part III: Revitalizing the Subject of Political Theory -- Part IV: Intersubjectivity, Justice, and Equality -- Postscript on the Life and Work of D.W. Winnicott -- Notes -- References -- Part I: The Subject's Creation: Aggression, Isolation, and Destruction -- Chapter 2: Being and Encountering: Movement and Aggression in Winnicott -- Winnicott's Question -- Movement and Being -- The Aggression of Being -- Psychic Motility and Creativity -- Aggression and Destruction -- Motility, Aggression, and Social Life -- Notes -- References -- Chapter 3: The Isolation of the True Self and the Problem of Impingement: Implications of Winnicott's Theory for Social Connection and Political Engagement -- Subjectivity and Relating to Others -- The Consequences of Impingement -- Civility and Subjective Causation -- Modalities of Relating -- Impingement and the Fantasy of Political Community -- Notes -- References -- Chapter 4: The Psychoanalytic Winnicott We Need Now: On the Way to a Real Ecological Thought -- Where We Start From -- "The Mother" -- Primary Process -- What Is Psychoanalytic? Abiding Paradox -- Abiding Not Knowing -- A Taste for Separation in Singularly Loving Earthly Life -- References -- Part II: The Subject Faced with Deprivation and Disaster -- Chapter 5: Playing 'Riot': Identity in Refuge-Absent Child Narratives in the 2013 Hindu-Muslim Riots in Muzaffarnagar, India -- Locale of the Environment: The Relief Camp at Kandhla, Muzaffarnagar

In Rethinking the Politics of Absurdity, Matthew H. Bowker offers a surprising account of absurdity as a widespread endeavor to make parts of our experience meaningless. In the last century, he argues, fears about subjects' destructive desires have combined with fears about rationality in a way that has made the absurd stance seem attractive. Drawing upon diverse sources from philosophy, literature, politics, psychoanalysis, theology, and contemporary culture, Bowker identifies the absurd effort to make aspects of our histories, our selves, and our public projects meaningless with postmodern revolts against reason and subjectivity. Weaving together analyses of the work of Albert Camus, Georges Bataille, Judith Butler, Emmanuel Levinas, and others with interview data and popular narratives of apocalypse and survival, Bowker shows that the absurd stance and the postmodern revolt invite a kind of bargain, in which meaning is sacrificed in exchange for the survival of innocence. Bowker asks us to consider that the very premise of this bargain is false: that ethical subjects and healthy communities cannot be created in absurdity. Instead, we must make meaningful even the most shocking losses, terrors, and destructive powers with which we live. Bowker's book will be of interest to scholars and practitioners in the fields of political science, philosophy, literature, psychoanalysis, sociology, and cultural studies

"In Rethinking the Politics of Absurdity, Matthew H. Bowker offers a surprising account of absurdity as a widespread endeavor to make parts of our experience meaningless. In the last century, he argues, fears about subjects' destructive desires have combined with fears about rationality in a way that has made the absurd stance seem attractive. Drawing upon diverse sources from philosophy, literature, politics, psychoanalysis, theology, and contemporary culture, Bowker identifies the absurd effort to make aspects of our histories, our selves, and our public projects meaningless with postmodern revolts against reason and subjectivity. Weaving together analyses of the work of Albert Camus, Georges Bataille, Judith Butler, Emmanuel Levinas, and others with interview data and popular narratives of apocalypse and survival, Bowker shows that the absurd stance and the postmodern revolt invite a kind of bargain, in which meaning is sacrificed in exchange for the survival of innocence. Bowker asks us to consider that the very premise of this bargain is false: that ethical subjects and healthy communities cannot be created in absurdity. Instead, we must make meaningful even the most shocking losses, terrors, and destructive powers with which we live. Bowker's book will be of interest to scholars and practitioners in the fields of political science, philosophy, literature, psychoanalysis, sociology, and cultural studies"--

Identifying the global drivers of soil priming is essential to understanding C cycling in terrestrial ecosystems. We conducted a survey of soils across 86 globally-distributed locations, spanning a wide range of climates, biotic communities, and soil conditions, and evaluated the apparent soil priming effect using C-13-glucose labeling. Here we show that the magnitude of the positive apparent priming effect (increase in CO2 release through accelerated microbial biomass turnover) was negatively associated with SOC content and microbial respiration rates. Our statistical modeling suggests that apparent priming effects tend to be negative in more mesic sites associated with higher SOC contents. In contrast, a single-input of labile C causes positive apparent priming effects in more arid locations with low SOC contents. Our results provide solid evidence that SOC content plays a critical role in regulating apparent priming effects, with important implications for the improvement of C cycling models under global change scenarios. ; European UnionEuropean Union (EU) [702057]; FEDER fundsEuropean Union (EU) [AGL2017-85755-R]; CSICConsejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC) [201740I008]; I-LINK + 2018 [LINKA20069]; "Fundacion Seneca" from Murcia Province [19896/GERM/15]; Marie Sklodowska-Curie Actions of the Horizon 2020 Framework Programme H2020-MSCA-IF-2016 under REA grant [702057]; FONDECYTComision Nacional de Investigacion Cientifica y Tecnologica (CONICYT)CONICYT FONDECYT [1170995]; IAI-CRN [3005]; CONICYTComision Nacional de Investigacion Cientifica y Tecnologica (CONICYT) [PFB-23]; Millennium Scientific Initiative [P05-002]; Churchill College (University of Cambridge); Department of Energy Terrestrial Ecosystem Sciences Program [DESC-0008168]; USGS Ecosystems Mission Area; EPA-STAR Graduate FellowshipUnited States Environmental Protection Agency [U-916251]; Merriam-Powell Center for Environmental Research Graduate Fellowship; Achievement Rewards for College Scientists (ARCS) Foundation of Arizona Scholarship; McIntire-Stennis appropriations ; This project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement No 702057. F.B., J.L., A.V., C.G., T.H. thank the Spanish Ministry and FEDER funds for the CICYT project AGL2017-85755-R, the CSIC projects 201740I008 and I-LINK + 2018 (LINKA20069), and funds from "Fundacion Seneca" from Murcia Province (19896/GERM/15). M.D-B. acknowledges support from the Marie Sklodowska-Curie Actions of the Horizon 2020 Framework Programme H2020-MSCA-IF-2016 under REA grant agreement no 702057. S.A and F.D.A were supported by FONDECYT 1170995. C.A.P is grateful to IAI-CRN 3005. C.A.P and F.D.A were supported by PFB-23 (from CONICYT) and P05-002 (from Millennium Scientific Initiative) to the Institute of Ecology and Biodiversity, Chile. N.A.C is grateful to Churchill College (University of Cambridge) for financial support and to Dr. Vicki Parry for fieldwork assistance. S.R acknowledges support from the Department of Energy Terrestrial Ecosystem Sciences Program (DESC-0008168) and the USGS Ecosystems Mission Area. A.A.B. and F.S. acknowledge support from Jennifer Harden and Sebastian Doetterl for prior works and information about sites along the Merced Chronosequence and from Benjamin Sulman for help during sampling. The Arizona research sites were established with the support of an EPA-STAR Graduate Fellowship (U-916251), a Merriam-Powell Center for Environmental Research Graduate Fellowship, an Achievement Rewards for College Scientists (ARCS) Foundation of Arizona Scholarship, and McIntire-Stennis appropriations to Northern Arizona University and the State of Arizona. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.

Belowground organisms play critical roles in maintaining multiple ecosystem processes, including plant productivity, decomposition, and nutrient cycling. Despite their importance, however, we have a limited understanding of how and why belowground biodiversity (bacteria, fungi, protists, and invertebrates) may change as soils develop over centuries to millennia (pedogenesis). Moreover, it is unclear whether belowground biodiversity changes during pedogenesis are similar to the patterns observed for aboveground plant diversity. Here we evaluated the roles of resource availability, nutrient stoichiometry, and soil abiotic factors in driving belowground biodiversity across 16 soil chronosequences (from centuries to millennia) spanning a wide range of globally distributed ecosystem types. Changes in belowground biodiversity during pedogenesis followed two main patterns. In lower-productivity ecosystems (i.e., drier and colder), increases in belowground biodiversity tracked increases in plant cover. In more productive ecosystems (i.e., wetter and warmer), increased acidification during pedogenesis was associated with declines in belowground biodiversity. Changes in the diversity of bacteria, fungi, protists, and invertebrates with pedogenesis were strongly and positively correlated worldwide, highlighting that belowground biodiversity shares similar ecological drivers as soils and ecosystems develop. In general, temporal changes in aboveground plant diversity and belowground biodiversity were not correlated, challenging the common perception that belowground biodiversity should follow similar patterns to those of plant diversity during ecosystem development. Taken together, our findings provide evidence that ecological patterns in belowground biodiversity are predictable across major globally distributed ecosystem types and suggest that shifts in plant cover and soil acidification during ecosystem development are associated with changes in belowground biodiversity over centuries to millennia. ; European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under Marie Sklodowska-Curie Grant [702057]; US National Science FoundationNational Science Foundation (NSF) [EAR1331828, DEB 1556090] ; This project received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under Marie Sklodowska-Curie Grant Agreement 702057. N.F. was supported through grants from the US National Science Foundation (EAR1331828, DEB 1556090). Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US Government. An extended version of the acknowledgments is provided in SI Appendix. ; Public domain authored by a U.S. government employee

[Aims]: Climate and human impacts are changing the nitrogen (N) inputs and losses in terrestrial ecosystems. However, it is largely unknown how these two major drivers of global change will simultaneously influence the N cycle in drylands, the largest terrestrial biome on the planet. We conducted a global observational study to evaluate how aridity and human impacts, together with biotic and abiotic factors, affect key soil variables of the N cycle. ; [Location]: Two hundred and twenty-four dryland sites from all continents except Antarctica widely differing in their environmental conditions and human influence. ; [Methods]: Using a standardized field survey, we measured aridity, human impacts (i.e. proxies of land uses and air pollution), key biophysical variables (i.e. soil pH and texture and total plant cover) and six important variables related to N cycling in soils: total N, organic N, ammonium, nitrate, dissolved organic:inorganic N and N mineralization rates. We used structural equation modelling to assess the direct and indirect effects of aridity, human impacts and key biophysical variables on the N cycle. ; [Results]: Human impacts increased the concentration of total N, while aridity reduced it. The effects of aridity and human impacts on the N cycle were spatially disconnected, which may favour scarcity of N in the most arid areas and promote its accumulation in the least arid areas. ; [Main conclusions]: We found that increasing aridity and anthropogenic pressure are spatially disconnected in drylands. This implies that while places with low aridity and high human impact accumulate N, most arid sites with the lowest human impacts lose N. Our analyses also provide evidence that both increasing aridity and human impacts may enhance the relative dominance of inorganic N in dryland soils, having a negative impact on key functions and services provided by these ecosystems. ; This research is supported by the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007‐2013)/ERC grant agreement no. 242658 (BIOCOM), and by the Ministry of Science and Innovation of the Spanish Government, grant no. CGL2010‐21381. CYTED funded networking activities (EPES, Acción 407AC0323). S.G. was funded by CONICYT/FONDAP/15110009. ; Peer Reviewed