Suchergebnisse

The widespread presence of successful African Americans in virtually all walks of life has led many in the United States to believe that the races are now on an equal footing—and that color blindness is the most appropriate way to deal with racial difference. In strong contrast, Benjamin Bowser argues that the seemingly comparable black and white middle classes, while inextricably linked, in fact exist on entirely different economic planes. Probing the subtle inner workings of contemporary class dynamics, Bowser demonstrates that belief in comparability is based not in reality, but in hopes, sentiment, and ideology. His focus on the structural barriers that underlie differences in black and white achievement makes it clear that the national racial dilemma has not been solved, but only transformed, and that issues of race and class are inseparable in the United States

Intro -- Gangster Rap and Its Social Cost -- Copyright -- Dedication -- Acknowledgments -- 1. Introduction -- 2. What is Hip Hop? -- 3. Rap and Commercial Success -- 4. The Rap Business and Its Audiences -- 5. Gangster Rap as the New Minstrel Show -- 6. Authenticity and Representation -- 7. Gangster Rap's Use of the N-Word -- 8. Gangster Rap's Effects on Civil Society -- 9. The Gangster Rap Psychology and Its Impacts -- 10. Gangster Rap's Impact on Audiences -- 11. Solutions -- 12. Conclusion -- References.

This is a review of the theoretical development of the concept of racism. From its 1960s activist roots, the concept lost its theoretical content in its 1970s popularization. Now racism describes virtually anything having to do with racial conflict. The concept is reintroduced and used to analyze the post-1970s race relations propositions. The declining significance of race, symbolic racism, color-blind racism, and unconscious racism missed the structural regressions brought on by the "southern strategy" to mask indirect and covert ways to continue racial oppression. As a result, the new Jim Crow was missed in race relations since the 1980s. A reconsideration of the theory of racism calls for a strategic approach to race relations research. Research should focus on the etiology of racism among European Americans and the central role played by White elites and the media in maintaining historic cultural and institutional arrangements.

Concentrates on HIV/AIDS prevention practitioners and how the AIDS epidemic can be recognized in such a way as to influence individuals to assist in prevention. Highlights how the gay community, in particular, have managed to reduce deaths and infection but that the newer members of the community seem to be falling by the wayside now. Discusses social and psychological theories involved in the fight in AIDS prevention. States that in the USA the effective interventions being discontinued are the poorly funded or not at all. Concludes the fight against AIDS through publicity and knowledge must go on.

Suggests that racism is not an innate human characteristic, but instead a historic & cultural belief that national elites promote to preserve their favored status. Cultural & institutional practices have been used to obscure economic class interests in favor of racialized social identities. As the world moved from an agricultural to an industrial economy, the opportunity to employ the available black labor force was consciously ignored by the social elites. It is argued that the incorporation of black labor into the industrial economy would have lifted the population out of poverty -- a prospect that the elites could not allow. Instead, a new social order was created through the import of poor Europeans & East Indians to diffuse the impact of black political potential. 51 References. M. Greenberg

Economy: inequality in NYC: the intersection of race and class / James A. Parrot -- Housing: the paradox of inclusion and segregation in the nation's melting pot / Ingrid Gould Ellen, Jessica Yager, and Maxwell Austensen -- Education: NYC school segregation then and now: plus ca change / Norman Fruchter and Christina Mokhtar -- Education addendum: understanding and dismantling barriers to college and career success for black and latino young men / Adriana Villavicencio, Shifra Goldenberg, and Sarah Klevan -- Government: do mayors matter? race, justice and the men in City Hall, 1965-2017 / Jarrett Murphy -- Asian Americans: immigration, diversity, and disparity / Howard Shih -- Latino Americans: the evolving latino population in New York City / Hector R. Cordero-Guzman -- African Americans: African Americans and racialized inequality in New York / Benjamin P. Bowser -- West Indian Americans: select socio-economic characteristics of West Indian immigration in New York City / Calvin Holder and Aubrey W. Bonnett -- Ethnic conflict: how much exists in New York City? / Benjamin P. Bowser, John Flateau, Hector Cordero-Guzman, Howard Shih, Calvin Holder and Aubrey W. Bonnett -- Policing: stop and frisk: continuity of racial control and reconstructed blackness / Natalie P. Byfield -- Policing addendum: race-based discrimination in expert witness testimony / George W. Woods and Stephen Greenspan -- Public health: public policy, HIV/AIDS and destruction of community in New York City / Robert Fullilove -- Public health addendum: inequalities in health and access to health services in New York City: change and continuity / Michael K. Gusmano and Victor G. Rodwin -- Human development index: the five New Yorks: understanding inequality by place and race in New York City / Kristen Lewis and Sarah Burd-Sharps -- Public housing: public housing: New York's third city / Victor Bach -- Political participation: black New Yorkers: 50 years of closing the political inequality gap, 1965-2016 / John Flateau -- Social capital: social capital, gentrification, and inequality in New York City / James Rodriguez, Robert Hawkins, and Andrew Wilkes.

1. Introduction. Impacts of Racism on White Americans in the Age of Trump (Benjamin P. Bowser and Duke W. Austin) -- 2. Economy: Racism's Continuing Costs to Whites: A Second Look (Michael Reich) -- 3. Housing: From Segregation to Isolation: White Americans in the Age of Trump (Jacob S. Rugh) -- 4. Health: Dying of Whiteness (Jonathan M. Metzl) -- 5. Government: Calling on Racism to Run Federal and State Governments (Robert Fantina) -- 6. Foreign Policy: A Double-Edged Sword: A History of Racism in U.S. Foreign Policy (Chris Danielson) -- 7. Gender: White Women in the Age of Trump (Charlotte Dunham) -- 8. Social Psychology: Taking White Racial Emotions Seriously: Revisiting the Cost of Racism to White Americans (Lisa Spanierman and D. Anthony Clark) -- 9. Media: Fox News, Racism, and White America in the Age of Trump (Kalemba Kizito) -- 10. Sports: Racism and Sports: Fear of a Black Planet (Scott N. Brooks, Stacey M. Flores, and Jorge Ballesteros) -- 11. Education: The Impact of Racism on White Teachers (Patricia A. Maloney) -- 12. Social Movements: White Responses to Racist and Anti-Racist Movements (Pamela Oliver) -- 13. Affirmative Action: Not the Impact of Racism on Whites that Some Assume (Fred L. Pincus) -- 14. Summary: Racism's Impacts on White Americans in the Age of Trump (Benjamin P. Bowser and Duke W. Austin) -- 15. Conclusion and Reflections: Impacts of Racism in the Age of Trump (Benjamin P. Bowser and Duke W. Austin). .