Suchergebnisse

Discrimination, September 11th, Exit from unemployment. This paper examines whether the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon on September 11th, 2001 have influenced the job prospects of Arabs in the German labor market. Using a large, representative database of the German working population, the attacks are treated as a natural experiment that may have caused an exogenous shift in attitudes toward persons who are perceived to be Arabs. Evidence from regression-adjusted difference-in-differences-estimates indicates that 9/11 did not cause a severe decline in job prospects. This result is robust over a wide range of control groups and several definitions of the sample and the observation period. Several explanations for this result, which is in line with prior evidence from Sweden, are offered.

This paper uses data from the German Socio-Economic Panel for the years 2000 to 2005 to study the earnings differential between self- and dependent employed German men. Constructing a counterfactual earnings distribution for the self-employed in dependent employment and using quantile regression decompositions we find that the earnings differential over the distribution cannot be explained by differences in endowments. Furthermore, low-earning self-employed could earn more in dependent employment. Finally, the observed earnings advantage for the self-employed at the top of the earnings distribution is not associated with higher returns to observable variables.

Dieses Papier präsentiert deskriptive Evidenz zur Struktur von Ich-AG-Gründungen und Gründern aus dem Arbeitsagenturbezirk Lüneburg. Die Ergebnisse basieren auf einer Befragung aller Gründer, die zwischen Juni 2004 und Februar 2005 selbstständig geworden sind und von der Arbeitsagentur Lüneburg gefördert wurden.

Arbeitsamt , Unternehmensgründung , Gründung , Gutachten, Ich-AG. Diese Studie untersucht die Wirkung einer verpflichtenden externen Begutachtung von Gründungsvorhaben im Rahmen der Ich-AG-Förderung der Bundesagentur für Arbeit. Unter Verwendung von prozessproduzierten Daten zu den Gründern und ihren Vorhaben wird geprüft, inwieweit sich Unterschiede zwischen Gründern im Arbeitsagenturbezirk Lüneburg, die unter diese Regelung fallen und solchen, die dies nicht tun, ergeben. Die Ergebnisse der Studie deuten darauf hin, dass keine Unterschiede in beobachtbaren Merkmalen zwischen diesen Gründern bestehen, was ein Hinweis auf die Wirkungslosigkeit der externen Begutachtung sein kann.

I test some predictions of Gary Becker's theory of taste discrimination regarding discrimination of foreigners by employers, co-workers and customers. I combine a 2% sample of the German working population and a 50% sample of German plants with low-level regional data, including the vote shares of three right-wing parties as a proxy for regional racism. The results show that (a) foreigner-native wage differentials rise with the share of right-wing voters, (b) the exact magnitude of the effects varies between skill groups and by gender, the largest effects being found for high-skilled men and women, (c) average employment shares of natives vary very little with the share of right-wing voters, (d) segregated firms become more common in manufacturing and construction when support for right-wing parties rises, while no effects are found for services and gastronomy and (e) the negative wage effects are strongest for foreigners working in services, while no effects are found in manufacturing and gastronomy. These results broadly confirm the predictions from taste discrimination.

I test some predictions of Gary Becker's theory of taste discrimination regarding discrimination of foreigners by employers, co-workers and customers. I combine a 2% sample of the German working population and a 50% sample of German plants with low-level regional data, including the vote shares of three right-wing parties as a proxy for regional racism. The results show that (a) foreigner-native wage differentials rise with the share of right-wing voters, (b) the exact magnitude of the effects varies between skill groups and by gender, the largest effects being found for high-skilled men and women, (c) average employment shares of natives vary very little with the share of right-wing voters, (d) segregated firms become more common in manufacturing and construction when support for right-wing parties rises, while no effects are found for services and gastronomy and (e) the negative wage effects are strongest for foreigners working in services, while no effects are found in manufacturing and gastronomy. These results broadly confirm the predictions from taste discrimination.

This paper considers two questions on the labour market discrimination against Arab or Muslim men after the recent terrorist attacks. First, I consider for the first time the impact of the September 11 attacks on the wages and working hours of Arabs in Europe. Second, I test whether the fact that a country was the direct target of terrorist attacks influences discrimination using the Madrid train bombings on 11 March 2004 and the London bombings on 7 July 2005 as quasi-experimental events. The results indicate that the wages, hours worked and employment probabilities of Arab men were unchanged by the attacks. Adapted from the source document.

This paper uses new administrative data from the German Federal Employment Agency - the Integrated Employment Biographies Sample IEBS - to assess the impact of a mandatory employment quota for disabled workers in Germany. We use an exogenous change, introduced through the 'Law to Combat Unemployment among Severely Disabled People' ('Gesetz zur Bekämpfung der Arbeitslosigkeit Schwerbehinderter'), as a natural experiment and measure the change in the reemployment probability of the unemployed disabled by means of regression-adjusted difference-indifferences estimators. Our results indicate that the change in the employment quota neither enhanced nor worsened the employment prospects of the disabled.

Discrimination, September 11th, Exit from unemployment. This paper examines whether the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon on September 11th, 2001 have influenced the job prospects of Arabs in the German labor market. Using a large, representative database of the German working population, the attacks are treated as a natural experiment that may have caused an exogenous shift in attitudes toward persons who are perceived to be Arabs. Evidence from regression-adjusted difference-in-differences-estimates indicates that 9/11 did not cause a severe decline in job prospects. This result is robust over a wide range of control groups and several definitions of the sample and the observation period. Several explanations for this result, which is in line with prior evidence from Sweden, are offered.

Dieses Papier präsentiert deskriptive Evidenz zur Struktur von Ich-AG-Gründungen und Gründern aus dem Arbeitsagenturbezirk Lüneburg. Die Ergebnisse basieren auf einer Befragung aller Gründer, die zwischen Juni 2004 und Februar 2005 selbstständig geworden sind und von der Arbeitsagentur Lüneburg gefördert wurden.

Diese Studie untersucht mit Hilfe eines neu verfügbaren Datensatzes aus Prozessdaten der Bundesagentur für Arbeit, der Stichprobe der integrierten Erwerbsbiographien, die Wirkung einer verpflichtenden Beschäftigungsquote für schwerbehinderte Arbeitnehmer in Deutschland. Wir nutzen die exogene Senkung dieser Quote durch die Einführung des Gesetzes zur Bekämpfung der Arbeitslosigkeit Schwerbehinderter als natürliches Experiment und schätzen die Änderung in der Wahrscheinlichkeit einer Beschäftigungsaufnahme durch regressionkorrigierte Difference-in-Difference-Schätzer. Unsere Ergebnisse legen nahe, dass die Änderung der Beschäftigungsquote die Beschäftigungschancen von Schwerbehinderten weder verbessert noch verschlechtert hat. - This paper uses new administrative data from the Federal Employment Agency the Integrated Employment Biographies Sample IEBS to asses the impact of a mandatory employment quota for disabled workers in Germany. We use an exogenous change, introduced through a legislative change in the Gesetz zur Bekämpfung der Arbeitslosigkeit Schwerbehinderter, as a natural experiment and measure the change in the reemployment probability of the unemployed disabled by regression-adjusted difference-in-difference-estimators. Our results indicate that the change in the employment quota did not influence the employment prospects of the disabled.