Suchergebnisse

This study presents for the first time an independent and authoritative analysis of water quality management in North and South America, and discusses the practices and future implications of the impacts of the current practices in the different countries of the hemisphere. Includes in-depth case studies analyzing water quality management practices at country and state levels, especially in terms of their effectiveness and overall impact.

Resultado de um dispositivo constitucional, o Sistema Nacional de Gerenciamento de Recursos Hídricos (Singreh), regulamentado pela Lei n.9.433 de 1997, considera a natureza federativa do país. Além disso, a legislação traz novos paradigmas de descentralização, utilização de instrumentos econômicos para a gestão e participação pública no processo de tomada de decisão. O presente artigo, portanto, além de tratar das disponibilidades e demandas de recursos hídricos nas 12 regiões hidrográficas e abordar o desenho institucional e o funcionamento do Singreh em termos dos arranjos legais e institucionais, apresenta, em linhas gerais, os desafios da gestão das águas por bacia hidrográfica no contexto federativo, e trata do processo de implementação dos instrumentos técnicos e institucionais de recursos hídricos na Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio Paraíba do Sul, primeira bacia brasileira a implantar a cobrança pelo uso da água e a operacionalizar uma Agência de Água. ; Resultant from a constitutional provision, the National Water Resources Management System (Singreh), regulated by Law n.9.433 of 1997, considers the federative nature of Brazil. Besides that, the legislation brings new decentralization paradigms and use of economic tools for public management and participation in the decision-making process. The present essay, besides approaching issues of availability and demand of water resources in all 12 hydrographic regions of the country and the institutional design and functioning of Singreh in terms of legal and institutional arrangements, outlines the challenges of the water management in each hydrographic basin in the context of the federation. It also deals with the implementation process of technical and institutional tools of water resources in Paraíba do Sul River Basin - the first basin to implement water charges and operate a Water Agency in Brazil.

2010 annual AGU hydrology days was held at Colorado State University on March 22 - March 24, 2010. ; Includes bibliographical references. ; The lack of uniform and integrated water resources regions is a critical issue, especially in transboundary water regions and federative countries. Overlaying levels of planning and management, as a result of uncoordinated water resources regions, hamper Integrated Water Resources Management. In order to harmonize multiple objectives and better represent the interaction between environmental, socio-economic, political and historical aspects, it becomes imperative to define appropriate territorial limits for water resources planning and management. The present study introduces an approach to support the process of delineating water resources regions. It is based both on recognition of more comprehensive aspects and incorporation of those aspects into a decision support system. This paper describes how cluster analysis is applied in the model design. Dynamic Programming is selected as the suitable method to be combined with Cluster Analysis to improve the algorithm efficiency.