Suchergebnisse

Analysis of anti-inflation measures adopted by the Collor administration in Mar. 1990.

RESUMO Este artigo analisa os impactos das inovações tecnológicas em curso (particularmente, na microeletrônica) no futuro da economia mundial. O autor argumenta que as atividades intensivas em serviços se tornarão cada vez mais importantes, e a economia mundial atingirá "características de rede", com um grau de interdependência muito maior do que nunca. A viabilidade técnica da integração mundial, entretanto, não se traduzirá necessariamente em integração econômica dada a resistência das forças nacionalistas e protecionistas. E a desordem do sistema financeiro internacional tenderá a fomentar essas forças. Nesse contexto, também são discutidas as opções do Brasil frente ao processo de integração mundial.

The financial crisis of 2008 has rekindled interest in sovereign debt crises among policy makers and scholars. History shows that lending booms typically end in busts, with the beneficiaries of debt in the upswing often forced to default or reschedule their debts in the downswing (Sturzenegger and Zettelmeyer 2006). The impact of the first financial crisis of the 21st century on capital flows to developing countries and the signs of stress in debt markets of several European countries in the first half of 2010 raise the inevitable question, Are author about to witness a new generation of sovereign debt crises? This book addresses this question. It adopts an integrated approach by drawing on both theoretical research and experience from professionals involved in technical assistance in this area. It documents recent improvements in macroeconomic policies and debt management practices, which to a large extent explain the resilience of developing and emerging economies, and identifies challenges ahead and areas that require special attention from policy makers.

This volume introduces the gender dimension in the empirical analyses on the links between trade and poverty. Gender disparities, an important component of overall inequality, may limit the gains from trade and the potential benefits to poor people. This view is supported by the robust finding that while growth (as well as the gains from trade) is the major vehicle of lifting people out of poverty, it is more likely to be pro-poor when initial inequality is low. High inequality directly lowers the rate of poverty reduction by hindering growth.Ample evidence shows that, in spite of recent improvements, there are still large gender disparities in access to education, health, credit, and other resources. These disparities create inequality traps for women and lower growth in the aggregate. Trade liberalization can create economic opportunities but because of their different endowments, control over resources, access to labor markets and their different roles within the households, women and men cannot uniformly take advantage of these opportunities.

The history of debt relief goes back several decades. It reveals that a country's accumulation of unsustainable debt stems from such factors as deficiencies in macroeconomic management, adverse terms-of-trade shocks, and poor governance. Debt-relief initiatives have provided debt-burdened countries with the opportunity for a fresh start, but whether the benefits of debt relief can be preserved depends on transformations in a country's policies and institutions.In 1996, the Heavily Indebted Poor Countries (HIPC) Initiative was launched as the first comprehensive, multilateral, debt-relief frame

In this essential two-volume collection, the editors include key papers on the domestic and global challenges of WTO accession. The first volume explores the intertwined economic, legal, and political dimensions of the process. The second volume explores country case studies and sector-specific issues such as agriculture, services and intellectual property. This comprehensive anthology is an invaluable reference source for scholars and practitioners grappling with the increasing complexity of WTO accession

RESUMO O desequilíbrio do setor público brasileiro, medido pelo crescimento da dívida líquida global do setor público em relação ao PIB, é examinado com e sem o "Plano Cruzado". Dois modelos são usados, um baseado em um quadro de tempo discreto e outro baseado em um quadro de tempo contínuo, para traçar trajetórias da relação dívida-PIB para o restante da década, concentrando-se no período 1985-1990. Chegam-se a duas conclusões principais. A primeira, de natureza teórica, é que os modelos de tempo discreto são inadequados em um contexto inflacionário, pois subestimam severamente o imposto inflacionário. A segunda é que o Plano Cruzado pode exercer forte pressão sobre as finanças do governo devido à queda drástica do imposto inflacionário.