Suchergebnisse

t. 1. Agonia do poder civil.--t. 2. A queda de João Goulart

Estabelecida por emenda constitucional, da qual teve a iniciativa o presidente da república, a escolha de governadores por eleição direta, restaurados pela anistia os direitos políticos cassados pelo movimento de 1964, extintos os antigos partidos (Arena e MDB) e alteradas as circunstâncias gerais da política brasileira, impôs-se revisão da legislação eleitoral para criar o processo adequado a viabilizar as inovações De um lado e outro do sistema político surgiram postulações que tornaram difícil uma negociação direta no âmbito do Congresso em torno da nova legislação. Reivindicações do PDS ou de setores do Executivo empenhados no processo provocaram suspeitas de que, tal como nos períodos anteriores a partir de 1966 seriam impostas regras destinadas a favorecer o Governo e a garantir-lhe a maioria do Congresso e o controle do colégio eleitoral.

T he European Security & Defence Policy (ESDP) has brought new challenges for the relations between the European Union (EU) & NATO & also for the member states. Portugal has participated in ESDP since the beginning. In order to become a viable policy, ESDP has to develop an effective coordination between the ESDP planning mechanisms & the member states. It also has to create a strategic culture that brings together different member states views on power projection. ESDP must also refrain from damaging relations with NATO while bringing the EU member states into its own mechanisms. Adapted from the source document.

Although almost two decades passed on the end of the Cold War & the preponderance of so called civil wars in lieu of wars between states, the problem one ethnicity & ethnic violence continues to receive a special attention on the part of a great number of researchers from most diverse domains of the social sciences. The present article tries to make a critical review of the academic debates on the subject. For brevity's sake, we refer only to the most visible & widespread perspectives, here presented through three great schools of thought -- Primordialism, Instrumentalism & Constructivism. Throughout we seek to assess their respective strengths & weaknesses in the construction of strategies for conflict management. Adapted from the source document.

The UN has a large experience in conflict management, including preventive diplomacy, peacemaking, peacekeeping & peacebuilding. It faces serious difficulties in several cases of prevention & peacemaking, namely when it has to lead military operations where the use of force goes beyond self-defense. It has, however, immense comparative advantages in peacebuilding & the UN should concentrate its resources where its conflict resolution capacities are most efficient. Figures, References. Adapted from the source document.

The Mozambican economy has been growing at an annual average of 7.5% for the best part of two decades, and has become one of the three most attractive economies for foreign direct investment (FDI) in sub-Saharan Africa. Yet, it has been ineffective and inefficient at reducing poverty and providing a broader social and economic basis for development. It is argued here that the dominant political economy of Mozambique is focused on three fundamental and interlinked processes, namely the maximisation of inflows of foreign capital – FDI or commercial loans – without political conditionality; the development of linkages between these capital inflows and the domestic process of accumulation and the formation of national capitalist classes; and the reproduction of a labour system in which the workforce is remunerated at below its social cost of subsistence and families have to bear the responsibility for maintaining (especially feeding) the wage-earning workers by complementing their wages or trying to maintain the availability of the enormous idle reserve of labour. This article focuses on economic porosity, which, arguably, is a dominant factor in promoting the linkages between domestic and foreign capital, nurtured, supported and mediated by the state.