Suchergebnisse

The purpose of this study was to compare health fitness profiles of normotensive (blood pressure < 108/76) and elevated normotensive (blood pressure ≥ 108/76) children and to evaluate the health fitness training responses of children with higher and lower blood pressures to a regular program of exercise over an eight month period. The subjects were 386 fourth grade students (lower blood pressures = 305; higher blood pressures = 81). They were measured for height and weight and evaluated before and after an exercise intervention program for flexibility, muscular endurance, cardiovascular endurance, and body fat levels. The results show that children with higher blood pressures were fatter and had lower cardiovascular fitness levels before and after the intervention. They had health fitness profiles similar to hypertensive adults. Their rate of health fitness improvement, with training, was similar to children with lower blood pressures. Therefore, elevated normotensive children have an increased risk of cardiovascular disease but can change their risk profile with regular exercise.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine if central anthropometric vari­ables that best estimate blood pressure risks in European Americans also best estimate blood pressure risks in African Americans.Design: The participants were 357 nor­motensive African and European American volunteers with a mean age of 32.6 ± 12.4 years. Participants were evaluated for central adiposity with dual energy X-ray ab­sorptiometry, abdomen and thigh skinfolds, waist and hip circumferences, waist/hip ratio, waist/height ratio, body mass index, and systolic and diastolic blood pressures. Descriptive statistics, partial correlations, ANOVA and stepwise regressions were used to analyze the data.Results: Central adiposity anthropometric indices made different contributions to blood pressure in African and European American men and women. When weight was held constant, waist circumference shared stronger partial relationships with blood pressure in African Americans (r = .30 to .47) than in European Americans (r = .11 to .32). Waist circumference in com­bination with other indices was a predictor of systolic and diastolic blood pressures in European American men (P<.05) but only a predictor for diastolic blood pressure in African American men and women (P<.01). Hip circumference was the only predic­tor for systolic blood pressure (P<.01) in African American men and women.Conclusions: Further research on the rela­tive contributions of central anthropometric indices to blood pressure in African and European Americans is warranted. A better understanding of this relationship may help reduce hypertensive morbidity and mortali­ty disparities between African and European Americans. Ethn Dis. 2020;30(2):349-356; doi:10.18865/ed.30.2.349

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine if central anthropometric variables that best estimate blood pressure risks in European Americans also best estimate blood pressure risks in African Americans. DESIGN: The participants were 357 normotensive African and European American volunteers with a mean age of 32.6 ± 12.4 years. Participants were evaluated for central adiposity with dual energy X-ray absorptiometry, abdomen and thigh skinfolds, waist and hip circumferences, waist/hip ratio, waist/height ratio, body mass index, and systolic and diastolic blood pressures. Descriptive statistics, partial correlations, ANOVA and stepwise regressions were used to analyze the data. RESULTS: Central adiposity anthropometric indices made different contributions to blood pressure in African and European American men and women. When weight was held constant, waist circumference shared stronger partial relationships with blood pressure in African Americans (r = .30 to .47) than in European Americans (r = .11 to .32). Waist circumference in combination with other indices was a predictor of systolic and diastolic blood pressures in European American men (P<.05) but only a predictor for diastolic blood pressure in African American men and women (P<.01). Hip circumference was the only predictor for systolic blood pressure (P<.01) in African American men and women. CONCLUSIONS: Further research on the relative contributions of central anthropometric indices to blood pressure in African and European Americans is warranted. A better understanding of this relationship may help reduce hypertensive morbidity and mortality disparities between African and European Americans.

Purpose This study evaluated the impact of obesity on cardiometabolic risk factors (CRF) interrelationships and predictive efficiency of CVD development in older African (AA) and European Americans (EA). Design A comparative research design evaluated CRF risk profile differences between participant groups. Setting Seven neighborhoods in a southern US city. Subjects A sample of 179 older AA (n = 128) and EA (n = 51) adults. Measures Non-fasting blood samples were evaluated for lipids and lipoproteins, glycosylated hemoglobin, systolic –(SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP), body mass index (BMI), body fat percentage (BF%) and physical function. Analysis Data were analysis with descriptive statistics, t-tests, and correlations. Results AA were heavier than EA although all had above average age-appropriate fitness. Means and relationships between CRF and other variables were different ( P < .05) based on race. Both AA (41.3 + 5.8) and EA (38.6 + 6.4) BF% were CRF risks. Holding BMI constant, CRF were generally not related, and the relationships were different for AA and EA. AA had a range of 13.0 to 27.2% more favorable values for cholesterol, HDL-C, and triglyceride. EA had favorable A1c (EA 5.8 vs AA 6.2%) values. Conclusions A limitation of this report is the small sample size. Although further research is warranted, these findings suggest population specific CRF selections would improve CVD prediction in AA.