Suchergebnisse

In a study on the person-by-situation interaction on leadership, 9 unacquaintedfemale and male students completed a personality-adjective list before they cooperated in 3 triads on 4 different assessment-center tasks, each time with 2 new partners. The rotation design was run with 4 samples of 9 subjects each, half of them men, half women. Each subject's contribution to the group process was ranked by the team members and by 2 observers. In each of the 4 9-person samples the main effect of persons was much larger than the person-by-task (and group-composition) interaction effect. The personality pattern Low Emotional Stability/Low Independence was clearly a hindrance to influence for men, butnot for women. Social roles modify the influence of personality characteristics on leadership behavio, attenuating the personality influence more with women than with men. Finally, some practical conclusions are drawn.

In a representative panel study, citizens of Leipzig (East Germany) were interviewed in 1993 and 1996 about their incentives for and participation in political protest activities. Conscientiousness, neuroticism, agreeableness, openness to experience, and extraversion (the Big Five) were measured with 16 bipolar adjectives. The present report supplements a previous work of the authors that drew on the theories of rational choice and collective action and conceived of incentives as proximal causes and personality dispositions as distant causes of political protest. Based on structural equation modelling (SEM), the present article deals with the respondents' recurrent reports on protest incentives and protest acts as indicators of the latent construct protest propensity that is according to the predictions directly influenced by openness to experience (O+), agreeableness (A-), neuroticism (N-), and reciprocity orientation (N*E+) with 35% explained variance. Adapted from the source document.

We examine the extent to which personality traits and variables based on the theory of collective action (i.e., incentives) can explain protest participation. We use the Big Five personality traits, measured by a list of bipolar adjectives: Openness, Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness, and Neuroticism. Incentives are political discontent and perceived personal influence, perceived obligation to protest and social incentives (i.e., integration in protest encouraging social networks). We hypothesize that personality traits have an effect on incentives and, together with incentives, on protest behavior. We test our hypotheses with a two-wave panel study, conducted in Leipzig (East Germany), where a total of 438 persons were interviewed in 1993 and 1996. Major findings are that personality traits have only weak effects on protest, compared to the variables of the theory of collective action, and that personality traits have, various effects on the independent variables (i.e., the incentives) of the theory of collective action. Adapted from the source document.