Suchergebnisse

"Written for undergraduate and graduate courses in public and community health, the second edition of Foundations of Mental Health Promotion provides a current look at mental health and mental illness with a focus on medical, epidemiological, behavioral, sociological, political, historical, developmental, and cultural perspectives in the field. Readers are introduced to the field of mental health promotion, and both individual-level and population-level approaches to handling mental health concerns are emphasized"--

"One of the needs of all students in public health, health education, and related disciplines is to understand the basics of community and public health. Currently, there are very few books on this topic, and none of the existing textbooks covers all the essential areas. This book is designed to primarily prepare students in public health and health education with the basics in all five of the core areas of community and public health identified by the Association of Schools of Public Health and Council on Education for Public Health (CEPH): biostatistics, environmental health sciences, epidemiology, health policy and management, and social and behavioral sciences. Our purpose has been to provide a text in the area of community and public health for undergraduate students (B.S., B.A.), graduate students (M.S., M.A., MPH), and both entry level and advanced level practitioners in public health, health education, and health promotion"--

Purpose: To evaluate the feasibility, utility, and limitations of a rapid community behavioral diagnosis (RCBD) for social distancing behaviors to prevent coronavirus transmission during a global coronavirus pandemic. Design: Using social media for recruitment, we partnered with a local community task force to administer a brief online survey. Setting: Residential urban community. Sample: Eighty-four community members, the majority of whom were white, female, college educated completed the survey. Measures: Theory of planned behavior constructs: behavioral intentions, attitudes, perceived norms, and perceived behavioral control for 3 social distancing behaviors: maintaining a 6-foot distance, avoiding places people congregate, and staying home as much as possible. Analysis: Path analyses were conducted to understand significant determinants of intentions for each behavior to guide the development of locally tailored health promotion messages. Results: The RCBD was implemented, and results were communicated to the community within 1 week. Intentions were high across the 3 behaviors but lowest for staying home as much as possible. Younger participants had lower intentions of maintaining a 6-foot distance than older participants. For each behavior, specific recommendations for health promotion messaging emerged based on how attitudes, norms, and perceived behavioral control related to intentions. Conclusion: In a situation where local community action is paramount for reducing coronavirus transmission, this RCBD process is feasible and useful for informing local health promotion.

Bystander Intervention (BI) is an evidence-based approach that is considered the gold standard by governmental organizations to reduce sexual assault in college. Few survey instruments are available to measure the predispositions students have towards engaging in BI. Valid and reliable instruments are greatly needed, especially those tailored to BI. The purpose of this study was to develop and validate an instrument based on the reasoned action approach with college students at two U.S. universities. An elicitation of beliefs was accomplished to inform survey items (i.e., behavioral, normative, and control beliefs). Then, an initial draft was developed and sent to an expert panel to establish validity. The final instrument was administered to undergraduate students (n = 291), and further psychometric properties (construct validity and internal consistency reliability) were evaluated. Data were fit into two separate models to evaluate fit. In the first model, a four-factor solution was evaluated (intentions, attitudes, perceived norms, and perceived behavioral control), and while results were modest, the second seven-factor solution model contained a better fit (intentions, instrumental and experiential attitudes, injunctive and descriptive norms, capacity, and autonomy). Researchers and practitioners examining BI in college can use this instrument to measure theory-based determinants of BI to reduce sexual assault.