Suchergebnisse

Examines the viability of the latest explanation for global environmentalism, which sees it as the combined product of direct experiences of the citizens of poorer nations (objective problems thesis) with the subjective values shift of the citizens of wealthier countries (postmaterialist values thesis). Using two statistical tests, data from the 1992 Gallup Health of the Planet survey & a two-dimensional (local/global) measure of environmental concern, attitudes of citizens from 12 relatively wealthy &12 relatively poor countries are compared on 15 different items. Analysis indicates that, while citizens from poorer countries (with relatively low numbers of postmaterialists) were far more concerned about local environmental problems than citizens from wealthier countries (with relatively high numbers of postmaterialists), no statistically significant differences between the two groups were found on questions concerning more symbolic global environmental problems. Using an objective problems + subjective values explanation fails to describe adequately the bases of southern & northern environmental concern, respectively, & hence, environmental concern globally. In addition, using a postmaterialist explanation for environmentalism at the wider cultural level becomes incoherent vs the much more modest claims found at the social-psychological level. In sum, global environmentalism is a complex social phenomenon consisting of multiple movements, driven by multiple engines requiring further specification & discussion. 5 Tables, 34 References. Adapted from the source document.

Examines the proliferation of Third World grass-roots environmental organizations & recent cross-national opinion surveys to challenge the conventional wisdom that people in developing countries lack environmental values. It is argued that concern for the environment is not simply a product of a postmaterialist cultural shift, & five alternative possible explanations for environmentalism in poor countries are proposed. 6 Tables, 2 Figures, 58 References. Adapted from the source document.

Attempts to build a bridge between the study of international organizations and the sociology of organizations. Suggest that a number of concepts from the sociology of organizations can be effectively used to illuminate issues in international organizations. Focuses on organizational performance and its determinants in environment, technology, goals and structure. (Abstract amended)

Metadata only record ; In this article, we build on an accompanying critique of recent writings in international biodiversity conservation (this issue, 15 January 2002, pp. 17-40). Many scholars and observers are calling for more stringent enforcement of protected area boundaries given the perceived failure of integrated conservation and development projects and other people-oriented approaches to safeguard biodiversity. Pointing to many ongoing, field-based efforts, we argue that this resurgent focus on authoritarian protection practices largely overlooks key aspects of social and political process including: clarification of moral standpoint, legitimacy, governance, accountability, learning and non-local forces. Following a discussion of these six points, we offer a series of recommendations aimed at highlighting existing work and encouraging dialogue and constructive debate on the ways in which biodiversity protection interventions are carried out in developing countries.