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Introduction to the three-volume set research methods for anthropological studies of food and nutrition / Janet Chrzan -- Introduction to food health : nutrition, technology and public health / Janet Chrzan -- Introduction to public health nutrition methods / Ellen Messer -- Identifying and using indicators to assess program effectiveness : food intake, biomarkers, and nutritional evaluation / Alyson Young and Meredith Marten -- Ethnography as a tool for formative research and evaluation / Gretel H. Pelto -- Methods for community health involvement / David A. Himmelgreen, Sara Arias-Steele, and Nancy Romero-Daza -- Understanding famine and severe food emergencies / Miriam S. Chaiken -- Food praxis as method / Penny Van Esterik -- Using technology and measurement tools in nutritional anthropology of food studies / John Brett -- Mapping food and nutrition landscapes : GIS methods for nutritional anthropology / Barrett P. Brenton -- Photo-video voice : appendix 10.1 / Helen Vallianatos -- Digital storytelling : using first-person videos about food in research and -- Advocacy / Marty Otanez -- Accessing and using secondary quantitative data from the internet : appendices 12.1-5 / James Wilson and Kristen Borre -- Using secondary data in nutritional anthropology research : enhancing ethnographic and formative research / Kristen Borre and James Wilson -- Designing food insecurity scales from the ground up : an introduction and working example of building and testing food insecurity scales in anthropological research / Craig Hadley and Lesley Jo Weaver.

Examines diagnoses of neonatal jaundice, arguing that it is a self-correcting, developmental feature of newborns, & its treatment as a pediatric disorder serves to disrupt maternal bonding & nursing. Dominant cultural expectations of medicine deem anything outside the biomedical definition of "normal" as an indication of pathology. Medical elements of neonatal jaundice are explained, & the history of its treatment is traced in relation to development of the subspecialty of neonatology. Difficulties involved in doing neonatal research to determine risk potentials are discussed, along with the tendency of many clinicians to treat all babies who fall within a "zone of suspicion," rather than chance one disastrous outcome. As a result, the added burden of exaggerated pathology is placed on the newborn period. It is contended that the practice of medicine lacks a cultural perspective, & neonatal jaundice is an example of a constructed condition where social, historical, & cultural factors have combined to create both a disease & a medical/legal dilemma for doctors & parents. 45 References. J. Lindroth

Purpose.The purpose of this research was to use a three-phase ethnographic approach to examine the range of factors that affect people's decisions about physical activity and diet.Design.We used open-ended data collection strategies, analyzed inductively, to inform the development of a family intervention.Setting.The study was conducted in a small low-income town in Colorado.Subjects.Families with young children were selected to include social, economic, and ethnic diversity. Twenty-nine of 31 invited families participated (94%).Measures.The measures consisted of 21 open-ended interviews in the first phase; 12 semistructured interviews in the second phase, and six home visits in the third phase. The Atlas.ti program25was used for data analysis.Results.Significant barriers to regular exercise and good dietary habits were grouped as social/structural (e.g., working parents, costs of exercise) and cultural (e.g., perception that fast food is normal). Behavioral facilitators include disease in the family and community opportunities for exercise. Results revealed family values and dynamics that other methods would have missed.Conclusions.These data suggest that families are embedded in a multicomponent "web" of factors that influence diet and physical activity. It is feasible and desirable to use ethnographic methods to discern the interactions of these factors that make each household unique. These results argue for dynamic intervention designs that operate from a broad contextual perspective.

Policy designs are selected to achieve specific policy outcomes. The policy process, however, contains multiple junctures when a policy's design may diverge from its original intents. Despite this fact, few theoretically valid and methodologically reliable approaches exist to assess policy divergence as it occurs during the policy process. This article presents a method for assessing policy divergence during implementation with a comparative analysis of a legislative law and corresponding regulation. The case analysed is US organic food policy in the 1990 Organic Foods Production Act and 2002 National Organic Program regulation. The article draws theoretical leverage from Mazmanian and Sabatier's implementation framework and methodological leverage from the institutional analysis and development framework. The analysis indicates that the designs of both policies are fairly robust with relatively minor divergence. The conclusion discusses the gains and challenges in developing a comparative approach to studying policy designs and assessing policy divergence. Adapted from the source document.

Policy designs are selected to achieve specific policy outcomes. The policy process, however, contains multiple junctures when a policy's design may diverge from its original intents. Despite this fact, few theoretically valid and methodologically reliable approaches exist to assess policy divergence as it occurs during the policy process. This article presents a method for assessing policy divergence during implementation with a comparative analysis of a legislative law and corresponding regulation. The case analysed is US organic food policy in the 1990 Organic Foods Production Act and 2002 National Organic Program regulation. The article draws theoretical leverage from Mazmanian and Sabatier's implementation framework and methodological leverage from the institutional analysis and development framework. The analysis indicates that the designs of both policies are fairly robust with relatively minor divergence. The conclusion discusses the gains and challenges in developing a comparative approach to studying policy designs and assessing policy divergence.