Chapter 1. Introduction -- Chapter 2. Conceptual framework -- Chapter 3. Research design -- Chapter 4. Cities as regional nodes in global value chains: The example of the oil and gas industry in Southeast Asia -- Chapter 5. An intermediate step to resource peripheries: The strategic coupling of gateway cities in the upstream oil and gas GPN -- Chapter 6. Filtering strategic coupling: territorial intermediaries in oil and gas global production networks in Southeast Asia -- Chapter 7. Concluding discussion -- Appendix
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Starting with the doi moi reforms, Vietnam has gradually been integrated into the global production network (GPN) of the oil and gas industry. However the mere integration into these global production processes does not guarantee regional economic outcomes; this depends, rather, on the exact position within the GPN. In these industries especially, states can play an influential role in the endeavours to enhance and capture value from GPN participation. This article aims to reveal whether, and if so how, the Vietnamese state has contributed to the inducement of such an upgrading process. Based on interviews with public and private actors of the oil and gas industries in Vietnam, as well as relevant secondary data, we portray the development of the Vietnamese oil and gas industries since the country's global integration. By these means we reveal the changing position of Vietnam in the oil and gas GPN and highlight the role of the state therein. Our empirical findings suggest a process of enhancement in Vietnam's oil and gas industries driven by the national corporate network Vietnam Oil and Gas Group. The development of domestic refining capacities, the increasing Vietnamese share in upstream projects and the outgoing investments of domestic companies reflect these shifting dynamics. Yet, in order to change the integration into the GPN substantially, crucial challenges still need to be addressed - namely the lack of efficiency of refinery projects and the low competitiveness of the downstream sector. Against the background of a currently low global oil price, striking a balance between the attracting of foreign capital while also maximizing value capture is of key importance. (Asien/Hamburg)
This book provides a comprehensive analysis of the role of gateway cities in contemporary circuits of global production. Apart from facilitating the interlinking of economic activities in the surrounding regions with the global economy, gateway cities have enormous implications for how certain regions participate in the global economy. Based on a case study of the oil and gas industry in Southeast Asia the book maps gateway cities, explores why these cities have come to occupy a gateway role, and evaluates their implications for regional economic development. To this aim, the book links components from research on the World City Network with Global Production Network research and demonstrates how this intersection creates synergies for studying the role of cities in economic globalization. The main audiences that this book appeals to are researchers and students interested in debates on regional development and the role of cities in the global economy. The book is also attractive to scholars interested in the organization of extractive industries.
AbstractAlthough it has been argued that current configurations of extractive industries provide opportunities for developing production linkages, in other words, that "one thing leads to another", these opportunities are not necessarily realised directly in the resource‐holding countries. This article aims to explain why the greater opportunities for creating increased production linkages may remain unrealised. While existing research on production linkages is characterised by a national scale mode of analysis, this article examines production linkages in the resource‐poor gateway city of Singapore that are intended to serve oil and gas operations at the macro‐regional level in Indonesia and Vietnam. The results reveal that a significant depth and breadth of production linkages have unfolded in Singapore, highlighting that in particular sophisticated production linkages tend to have a broader geographic scope. Moreover, the analysis identifies factors that have shifted the territorial scale of labour‐intensive and low‐technology production linkages from a macro‐regional towards a national or subnational level, to the advantage of the resource‐holding countries. These insights add some complexity to the study of production‐linkage development and emphasise the need for a multi‐scalar perspective that does not stop at national borders.
Mit dem Ausstieg aus der Braunkohle steht das Rheinische Revier am Anfang eines Jahrzehnte dauernden Transformationsprozesses. Strukturmittel von fast 15 Milliarden Euro sollen in Form von Projektförderung bis 2038 vergeben werden. Grundlage dafür ist das Wirtschafts- und Strukturprogramm sowie ein regionaler Konsens mit Vertretern der Region. Ziel dieses Beitrags ist es zu untersuchen, inwiefern die Förderprojektauswahl dazu beiträgt, grüne Entwicklungspfade einzuschlagen und dem ambitionierten Ziel einer nachhaltigen Modellregion für Energieversorgung und -produktion näherzukommen. Zu diesem Zweck werden die Merkmale von 22 eingereichten Projekten im Zukunftsfeld Energie und Industrie hinsichtlich einer Typologie grüner Pfade analysiert. Mithilfe von neun Interviews konnten Rahmenbedingungen (Design des Förderprozesses und Ressourcenausstattung der Akteure) identifiziert werden, die grüne Pfadentwicklungsprozesse im Rheinischen Revier beeinflussen. Es finden sich Pfaderneuerungsprozesse der regionalen Industrie sowie Pfadkreationsdynamiken vor allem im Wasserstoffbereich. Insgesamt wird die Projektauswahl von einem hohen Anteil an Wissenseinrichtungen bestimmt, deren Beteiligung von den Rahmenbedingungen begünstigt wird. Die Teilnahme von kleinen und mittelständischen Unternehmen sowie Kommunen wird von den Rahmenbedingungen hingegen erschwert, wodurch vorhandene regionale Potenziale nicht optimal genutzt und der Transformationsprozess insgesamt gefährdet werden kann.
