Suchergebnisse

This title reviews the issues relating to agricultural trade and competition. Features include chapters on world trade and trade liberalization as well as chapters on the situation in the European Union, USA, Canada, Australia and developing countries

The main objectives of this paper are (1) to review some main trends from the past decades in assessing the interactions among development and environmental changes, and (2) to propose some future research directions. The so-called policy life-cycle hypothesis is used, which takes for granted that the political interest in new issues passes through various phases, ranging from awareness and agenda formation to policy strategies, solutions, and management. The potential impacts of projected changes in global climate and in technology on society and the environment may emerge a new wave of the policy life-cycle.

This is the final version of the article. Available from the publisher via the DOI in this record. ; Water, energy, food, land and climate form a tightly-connected nexus in which actions on one sector impact other sectors, creating feedbacks and unanticipated consequences. This is especially because at present, much scientific research and many policies are constrained to single discipline/sector silos that are often not interacting (e.g., water-related research/policy). However, experimenting with the interaction and determining how a change in one sector could impact another may require unreasonable time frames, be very difficult in practice and may be potentially dangerous, triggering any one of a number of unanticipated side-effects. Current modelling often neglects knowledge from practice. Therefore, a safe environment is required to test the potential cross-sectoral implications of policy decisions in one sector on other sectors. Serious games offer such an environment by creating realistic 'simulations', where long-term impacts of policies may be tested and rated. This paper describes how the ongoing (2016-2020) Horizon2020 project SIM4NEXUS will develop serious games investigating potential plausible cross-nexus implications and synergies due to policy interventions for 12 multi-scale case studies ranging from regional to global. What sets these games apart is that stakeholders and partners are involved in all aspects of the modelling definition and process, from case study conceptualisation, quantitative model development including the implementation and validation of each serious game. Learning from playing a serious game is justified by adopting a proof-of-concept for a specific regional case study in Sardinia (Italy). The value of multi-stakeholder involvement is demonstrated, and critical lessons learned for serious game development in general are presented. ; The work described in this paper has been conducted within the project SIM4NEXUS. This project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under Grant Agreement No. 689150 SIM4NEXUS.