Suchergebnisse

Experimental data from the Chemical Industry Institute of Toxicology (CIIT) are used to estimate the risk of squamous cell carcinoma of the nasal cavity in Fischer 344 (F344) rats over a range of ambient air concentrations of formaldehyde that includes current exposure guidelines for the workplace and home. These values are presented as a best estimate envelope obtained from five mathematical dose‐response formulations. The response of Sprague‐Dawley (SD) rats dosed at 15 ppm in a separate study at New York University is consistent with the predicted lifetime response for F344 rats at a slightly lower concentration (13–14 ppm). A dose‐related mortality effect beyond what is attributable to the occurrence of nasal carcinomas is found in F344 rats at all CIIT exposure levels (2, 6, and 15 ppm). There is no evidence of a mortality effect in B6C3F1 mice of the CIIT study, and data for SD rats of the NYU experiment are inconclusive. In the CIIT study, rats exposed to 15 ppm exhibited a high incidence of nasal cavity squamous cell carcinomas and polypoid adenomas. Polypoid adenomas were also observed with increased incidences at 2 ppm and 6 ppm. Statistical comparisons with matched controls, and the low historical rate of spontaneous occurrence both suggest that polypoid adenomas may be a risk to F344 rats at exposure levels below the current Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) standard of 3 ppm. Squamous cell carcinomas were observed in two mice exposed to 15 ppm. This finding may be biologically significant since this tumor is rare and has not been previously reported in 4932 untreated B6C3F1 mice from recent National Toxicology Program (NTP) feeding studies.

Although historians have described the role of Stephen Girard in the founding of the second Bank of the United States simply as that of a heavy investor in its stock, careful examination of the Girard papers and other recently discovered documents shows the usual account to be entirely inadequate. Actually Girard was one of the moving spirits of the Bank from the time of its inception in the minds of a small group of American financiers until the period of its mismanagement in 1818. Then, as chairman of the stockholders, he was largely influential in effecting the replacement of the reckless and incompetent Jones leadership with the sounder administrations of Langdon Cheves and Nicholas Biddle. Girard was a most important influence in the Bank's early history. He purchased a large amount of stock, contributed to the working out of the mechanics of operation, aided in obtaining specie from Baring Brothers & Company, London, helped determine the form and content of the charter, did yeoman service in the political battle preceding its founding, and struggled mightily, although in vain, to prevent the Bank's becoming a political football in an orgy of speculation.

The current political economy imposes cost-saving rationalisation within home care work. In this context, a key question is whether home care aides act with indifference to clients or whether home care aides continue to espouse and act out of the caring self, which centres on the desire to give meaningful care to clients. This article assesses the thesis of the caring self within a context of rationalisation in relation to home care aides in three organisations. The article brings qualitative and quantitative research to bear on this question. It finds that despite the processes of rationalisation occurring in home care work, home care aides' overall satisfaction with client relations, and their ability to satisfy clients continue to have significant links to their job satisfaction, and discretionary effort. This offers support for the thesis of the caring self within the context of rationalisation.

The current political economy imposes cost-saving rationalisation within home care work. In this context, a key question is whether home care aides act with indifference to clients or whether home care aides continue to espouse and act out of the caring self, which centres on the desire to give meaningful care to clients. This article assesses the thesis of the caring self within a context of rationalisation in relation to home care aides in three organisations. The article brings qualitative and quantitative research to bear on this question. It finds that despite the processes of rationalisation occurring in home care work, home care aides' overall satisfaction with client relations, and their ability to satisfy clients continue to have significant links to their job satisfaction, and discretionary effort. This offers support for the thesis of the caring self within the context of rationalisation.

The current political economy imposes cost-saving rationalisation within home care work. In this context, a key question is whether home care aides act with indifference to clients or whether home care aides continue to espouse and act out of the caring self, which centres on the desire to give meaningful care to clients. This article assesses the thesis of the caring self within a context of rationalisation in relation to home care aides in three organisations. The article brings qualitative and quantitative research to bear on this question. It finds that despite the processes of rationalisation occurring in home care work, home care aides' overall satisfaction with client relations, and their ability to satisfy clients continue to have significant links to their job satisfaction, and discretionary effort. This offers support for the thesis of the caring self within the context of rationalisation.

Contents: Dedication / Ken Brown -- The abolition of war: deposing a modern monarchy / David McFadden -- Is the new abolitionist covenant new enough? / Robert C. Johansen -- Military recruitment at Manchester College -- Military recruitment should be allowed on campus / John H. Planer -- Why military recruitment should not be allowed on campus / Religious Life Committee -- The necessity of violence / Phil Amadon -- The dangerous silence / G. John Ikenberry -- News of students, faculty and friends of peace studies -- Self-disarmament / Tom Kinzie -- Hostages / Ingrid Rogers -- A sin unhealed / Rev. Cosmos L. Raimondi -- U.S. support of repression / Stephen C. Thomas -- Attitudes about the nuclear arms race at Manchester College / Ronn Frantz & David McFadden.