Suchergebnisse

Der Verfasser legt dreizehn ethnographische Porträtstudien vor, die auf Feldstudien in der kasachischen Stadt Alamty in den Jahren 1994 bis 1996 zurückgehen. Im Mittelpunkt des Interesses stehen Verhaltensweisen und Mechanismen, mit denen die Menschen in Kasachstan auf die Anforderungen des postkommunistischen Wandels reagieren. Diese Verhaltensstrategien werden am Beispiel des Lebensbereichs "Wohnen" illustriert. Gezeigt wird, wie Menschen zu einem Dach über den Kopf gelangen oder wie sie ihre Stellung als Wohnungseigentümer einsetzen, um an Mittel zur Befriedigung anderer Bedürfnisse zu kommen. Es werden Strategien sichtbar, die den Einsatz eines breiten Spektrums von Geld, Gütern, Zeit, Gefälligkeiten sowie Verwandtschafts- und Freundschaftsbeziehungen umfassen. (BIOst-Wpt)

This thirty-third volume in Erasmus' Opera omnia (ASD) is the third within 'ordo' VI, that is, the 'ordo' of the New Testament and the Annotations; the
Paraphrases belong to 'ordo' VII. The division into 'ordines' - each 'ordo' being
devoted to a specific literary or thematic category - was laid down by Erasmus
himself for the posthumous publication of his works (see General introduction,
ASD I, pp. x, xvii-xviii, and C. Reedijk, Tandem bona causa triumphat. Zur
Geschichte des Gesamtwerkes des Erasmus von Rotterdam. Vortrage der AeneasSilvius-
Stiftung an der Universitat Basel, XVI, Basel/Stuttgart, 1980, p. 12 sqq.,
21-22).
The present volume (tom. VI, 3, edited by Andrew J. Brown, London) contains
the third part of Erasmus' edition of the Nouum Testamentum (Greek and Latin
text), to wit RomanS-2 Thessalonians.
The other books of the Nouum Testamentum will be published in ASD VI,
1 and VI, 4. Tom. VI, 2 (John and Acts, ed. Andrew J. Brown) was published in
2001.
ASD VI, 5-10 will comprise the Annotations on the New Testament, of which
already have been published: tom. VI, 5 (Annot. on Matthew-Luke, ed. P.E Hovingh,
2000); VI, 6 (Annot. on John and Acts, ed. P.E Hovingh, 2003); VI, 8
(Annot. on 1-2 Corinthians, ed. M.L. van Poll-van de Lisdonk, 2003). The order
of publication depends on when the respective volumes are finished.
With regard to the edition of 'ordo' VI the Editorial Board is much indebted
to Professor H.J. de Jonge (Leiden) for his expert advice.
The Editorial Board and the editor of the present volume are grateful to all
libraries that kindly put books, photostats, microfilms, and bibliographical material
at their disposal.

West Central Africa has been implicated as the epicenter of the HIV-1 epidemic, and almost all group M subtypes can be found there. Previous analysis of early HIV-1 group M sequences from Kinshasa in the Democratic Republic of Congo, formerly Zaire, revealed that isolates from a number of individuals fall in different positions in phylogenetic trees constructed from sequences from opposite ends of the genome as a result of recombination between viruses of different subtypes. Here, we use discrete ancestral trait mapping to develop a procedure for quantifying HIV-1 group M intersubtype recombination across phylogenies, using individuals' gag (p17) and env (gp41) subtypes. The method was applied to previously described HIV-1 group M sequences from samples obtained in Kinshasa early in the global radiation of HIV. Nine different p17 and gp41 intersubtype recombinant combinations were present in the data set. The mean number of excess ancestral subtype transitions (NEST) required to map individuals' p17 subtypes onto the gp14 phylogeny samples, compared to the number required to map them onto the p17 phylogenies, and vice versa, indicated that excess subtype transitions occurred at a rate of approximately 7 × 10−3 to 8 × 10−3 per lineage per year as a result of intersubtype recombination. Our results imply that intersubtype recombination may have occurred in approximately 20% of lineages evolving over a period of 30 years and confirm intersubtype recombination as a substantial force in generating HIV-1 group M diversity.