Suchergebnisse

This article presents a broad training format undertaken by a public jurisdiction for the successful development of performance standards. The article is based on a three-hour training course given by the agency's training division which includes one hour of lecture, one and one-half hours on a simulation exercise (Appendix A), and one-half hour of discussion on the performance report form and appraisal interview. Appendix B presents a sample of standards resulting from the simulation exercise.

Broadband technology has captured the attention of many stakeholders, nations, and governments throughout the world as a "nation building" infrastructure enabling the future economic prosperity and improved living standards for many communities. Broadband networks are an important means by which rural communities around the world can gain access to global networks of knowledge and communication. They are also a means by which nation-states and regions seek to increase their economic and cultural sovereignty. Rural broadband can therefore be seen as a critical nexus between global and local flows of both capital and ideas.In 2005, the provincial government of Alberta in Canada completed a significant investment into the construction of a unique high-speed, high-capacity fiber-optic network connecting rural communities throughout the province. The network was the first of its kind in the world in terms of the advantages it represented for rural individuals to benefit from easy access to broadband. Paradoxically, as of 2008 Alberta was ranked last among Canadian provinces for rural broadband access. This article examines how ambiguity and uncertainty faced by industry decision-makers and broadband stakeholders contribute to the adoption of broadband by rural communities. Interviews were conducted with industry decision-makers. Through the application of Weick's sensemaking framework, several areas of ambiguity and uncertainty are identified related to rural broadband adoption. A primary finding is that self-fulfilling prophecies about the broadband network's construction and use developed through collective sensemaking processes, resulting in an immobilizing effect on the development of rural broadband's "effective use" by communities. ; Tecnología de banda ancha ha capturado la atención de muchos interesados, las naciones y gobiernos de todo el mundo como la construcción de una "nación" infraestructura que permita la futura prosperidad económica y mejores niveles de vida para muchas comunidades. En 2005, el gobierno provincial de Alberta, en Canadá completó una importante inversión en la construcción de una única de alta velocidad y alta capacidad de la red de fibra óptica que conecta las comunidades rurales de toda la provincia. La red fue la primera de su tipo en el mundo en términos de las ventajas que representa para las personas rurales para beneficiarse de un fácil acceso a banda ancha. Paradójicamente, a partir de 2008 de Alberta se situó en último lugar entre las provincias canadienses de acceso de banda ancha rural. Este artículo analiza cómo la ambigüedad y la incertidumbre que enfrentan los responsables de la toma de decisiones de la industria de banda ancha y las partes interesadas contribuyan a la adopción de la banda ancha por las comunidades rurales. Se realizaron entrevistas con responsables de la toma de decisiones de la industria. A través de la aplicación del marco sensemaking Weick, varias áreas de la ambigüedad y la incertidumbre son identificadas relacionadas con la adopción de banda ancha rural. Una conclusión principal es que el auto varias profecías desarrollado a través de procesos colectivos sensemaking, resultando en un efecto de la inmovilización en el desarrollo de la banda ancha rural por las comunidades.

ABSTRACT
A Macroeconomic Model of Federal and Commercial Spectrum Usage introduces a methodology to assess the macroeconomic impact of electromagnetic spectrum decisions and provides general results on a case study of the economic impact of shifting from fourth generation (4G) to fifth generation (5G) wireless technology. This article provides a summary introduction to this new research tool.