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ABSTRACTIn the industrialized democracies, free elections, the lowering of trade barriers and the opening of national economies to foreign competition are natural progressions within open systems. But in the Latin American context, where rule by oligarchy and inbred political‐social‐economic systems have been the norm, participatory democracy, one‐man‐one‐vote elections, the opening of economies, and free trade are revolutionary processes subversive of the established order. To join the ranks of the industrialized democracies fundamental changes to Latin American social structures are necessary.

Sixties Europe examines the border-crossing uprisings of the 1960s in Europe on both sides of the Cold War divide. Placing European developments within a global context formed by Third World liberation struggles and Cold War geopolitics, Timothy Scott Brown highlights the importance of transnational exchanges across bloc boundaries. New Left ideas and cultural practices easily crossed bloc boundaries, but Brown demonstrates that the 1960s in Europe did not simply unfold according to a normative western model. Everywhere, innovations in the arts and popular culture synergized radical politics as advocates of workers' democracy emerged to pursue longstanding demands predating the Cold War divide. Tracing the development of a distinctive blend of cultural and political activism across diverse national settings, Sixties Europe examines an important, historically-recent attempt to address unresolved questions about human social organization that remain relevant in the present, and it offers an original history of Europe across a transformative decade.

Red noise : pop and politics in post-1968 France / Jonathyne Briggs -- Mapping tropicalia / Christopher Dunn -- Magical mystery tours : Godard and Antonioni in America / David Fresko -- Opening and activating a depth dimension : the politics of privacy in the new American cinema / Josh Guilford -- Utopia and dystopia in the science fiction film circa 1968 / Kathrin Fahlenbrach -- "Art is love is god" : language and sound in Wallace Berman's Aleph, 1956-66 / Chelsea Behle Fralick -- Guitar smashing / Wolfgang Kraushaar -- "The revolution is over, and we have won!" : Alfred Hilsberg, West German punk and the sixties / Jeff Hayton -- The sun and moon have come together : fourth way, liberatory aesthetics and countercultural spirituality / Kevin Fellezs -- "A weapon in our struggle for liberation" : black arts, black power, and the 1969 pan-African cultural festival / Samir Meghelli -- The revolution will not be televised, but it will be recorded : soul, funk, and the black urban experience, 1968-1979 / Francesca D'Amico -- Jukebox modernism : the transatlantic sight and sound of Peter Blake's Got a girl (1960-61) / Melissa Mednicov -- Uninteresting pictures : art and the anti-humanism of 1968 / Joshua Shannon -- And the future of information / Andrew Lison

Gruppe spur : art as a revolutionary medium during the cold war / Mia Lee -- In pursuit of the invisible revolution : sigma in the Netherlands, 1966-1968 / Niek Pas -- "The brigade is everywhere" : violence and spectacle in the British counterculture / Samantha Christiansen -- Corpse polemics : the Third World and the politics of gore in 1960s West Germany / Quinn Slobodian -- Communist youth groups and rock music in Greece in the late 1970s / Nikolaos Papadogiannis -- The voice of the other America : African-American music and political protest in the German Democratic Republic / Michael Rauhut -- From England with hate : skinheads and "nazi rock" in Great Britain and Germany / Timothy Brown -- Punk jihads : immigrants, sub-cultures and political violence, 1955-2001 / Alexander Clarkson -- Red state, golden youth : student culture and political protest in 1960s Poland / Malgorzata Fidelis -- In the shadow of the wall : urban space and everyday life in Berlin Kreuzberg / Carla MacDougall -- Between confrontation and frivolity? : gender and militancy in the Czech alter-globalisation movement / Marta Kol?rov? -- Protesting bodies and bodily protest : a plea for a 'thinking through the body' in social movement research / Andrea Pabst -- Post-modern protest : minimal techno and multitude / Andrew Lison -- Conclusion / Timothy S. Brown

Exploring the gray zone of infiltration and subversion in which the Nazi and Communist parties sought to influence and undermine each other, this book offers a fresh perspective on the relationship between Communism and Fascisma key problem of twentieth-century German history. The struggle between Nazism and Communism is situated within a broader conversation among right and left-wing publicists, across the Youth Movement and in the "National Bolshevik" scene, thus revealing the existence of a discourse on revolutionary legitimacy fought according to a set of common assumptions about the qual

The majority of Latin American revolutionaries and guerrillas have now laid down their weapons and opted to participate in that region's democratic processes. What brought about this transformation? When the AK-47s Fall Silent brings together for the first time many of these former Latin revolutionaries from both sides of the conflicts-who tell their own stories, in their own words.