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When direct elections for the European Parliament were first organized in 1979, the idea was that they would increase the democratic legitimacy and accountability of the parliament. Moreover, the elections were expected to raise public interest, engagement and support for the EU project. Did these elections help to increase legitimacy and accountability? Did they increase interest in and support for the 'European project'? Or, did they have unintended (and perhaps undesirable) consequences? This volume focuses on the consequences of European elections for public debate and involvement, for party systems, and for public opinion

Intro -- Contents -- Preface -- Contributors -- Introduction -- Effects of space and time on turnout in European Parliament elections -- European elections as counterfactual national elections -- European Parliament elections and losses by governing parties -- Comparing the views of parties and voters in the 1999 election to the European Parliament -- Locating support for European integration -- The media and European Parliament elections: Second- rate coverage of a second-order event? -- Media effects on attitudes toward European integration -- Non-voting in European Parliament elections and support for European integration -- EU support and party choice -- The sleeping giant: Potential for political mobilization of disaffection with European integration -- Prospects for electoral change -- European elections, domestic politics, and European integration -- Postscript -- Appendix A -- Appendix B -- Appendix C -- Appendix D -- References -- Author Index -- Subject Index.

Economic conditions are said to affect election outcomes, but past research has produced unstable and contradictory findings. This book argues that these problems are caused by the failure to take account of electoral competition between parties. A research strategy to correct this problem is designed and applied to investigate effects of economic conditions on (individual) voter choices and (aggregate) election outcomes over 42 elections in 15 countries. It shows that economic conditions exert small effects on individual party preferences, which can have large consequences for election outcomes. In countries where responsibility for economic policy is clear, voters vote retrospectively and reward or punish incumbent parties - although in coalition systems smaller government parties often gain at the expense of the largest party when economic conditions deteriorate. Where clarity of responsibility for economic policy is less clear, voters vote more prospectively on the basis of expected party policies

Why are migration policies sometimes heavily contested and high on the political agenda? And why do they, at other moments and in other countries, hardly lead to much public debate? The entrance and settlement of migrants in Western Europe has prompted various political reactions. In some countries anti-immigration parties have gained substantial public support while in others migration policies have been hardly controversial.The Politicisation of Migration examines the differences between seven Western European countries by developing a conceptual framework to empirically explain patterns of