Child and Family Assessment in Social Work Practice, Sally Holland, London, Sage Publications, 2004, pp. 176, ISBN 0 7619 4902 X, 17.99
In: The British journal of social work, Band 35, Heft 2, S. 290-291
ISSN: 1468-263X
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In: The British journal of social work, Band 35, Heft 2, S. 290-291
ISSN: 1468-263X
In: The British journal of social work, Band 34, Heft 7, S. 1056-1058
ISSN: 1468-263X
In: The British journal of social work, Band 33, Heft 1, S. 122-123
ISSN: 1468-263X
In: The British journal of social work, Band 23, Heft 5, S. 548-549
ISSN: 1468-263X
Published online: 03 April 2017 ; Value chain development (VCD) initiatives within the horticultural and organic sectors in Africa are promising strategies to improve smallholder welfare. Contracting institutional arrangements are a common feature of VCD initiatives and are increasing in number in sub-Saharan Africa as a way to source organic products from smallholder producers. The objective of this study is to better understand men and women's participation in spice producing households that sell under contract and in conventional market chains in the East Usambaras, Tanzania. We draw on New Institutional Economics, political economy and the value chain analysis framework to assess the potential role of contracting to promote gender equity among smallholder organic horticultural producers. We describe intra-household decision making over resources and marketing, access to benefits of contracting, and labor distribution between men and women in contracting and non-contracting households. We then extend the gender analysis to evaluate the role of gender in contracting and conventional value chains operating within the community and district. Using a cross-sectional research design and data collected through 13 focus group discussions, 54 personal interviews and 156 household questionnaires, we show that contracting reduces transaction costs in the chain compared with the conventional trade. However, norms in the wider political economic context give rise to gendered patterns of participation in both household and chain activities in contracting and non-contracting households. Our findings suggest that contracting does not provide significant opportunities for women in married households to participate and benefit based on limited participation in decision-making and access to trainings. Divorced women and widows gain access to contract employment opportunities to earn income. This study highlights the importance of understanding gender relations in the household and community to guide the development of gender equitable VCD initiatives and contracting approaches. ; Peer Review
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In: Environment & planning: international journal of urban and regional research. C, Government & policy, Band 34, Heft 5, S. 945-962
ISSN: 0263-774X
In: Environment & planning: international journal of urban and regional research. C, Government & policy
ISSN: 0263-774X
In: Central European neurosurgery: Zentralblatt für Neurochirurgie, Band 61, Heft 4, S. 181-187
ISSN: 1868-4912, 1438-9746
© 2018 by the authors. A convoluted network of different water governance systems exists around the world. Collectively, these systems provide insight into how to build sustainable regimes of water use and management. We argue that the challenge is not tomake the systemless convoluted, but rather to support positive and promising trends in governance, creating a vision for future environmental outcomes. In this paper, we analyse nine water case studies from around the world to help identify potential 'innovative arrangements' for addressing existing dilemmas. We argue that such arrangements can be used as a catalyst for crafting new global water governance futures. The nine case studies were selected for their diversity in terms of location, scale and water dilemma, and through an examination of their contexts, structures and processes we identify key themes to consider in the milieu of adaptive transformation. These themes include the importance of acknowledging socio-ecological entanglements, understanding the political dimensions of environmental dilemmas, the recognition of different constructions of the dillema, and the importance of democratized processes.
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