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Traditionally, women have had less access to education and have not been expected to run companies, positions typically reserved for men. However, this study demonstrates a trend toward tremendous support for women in business. The purpose of this paper was to gauge indigenous perceptions of the potential for women to own and lead businesses in three developing countries. Based on primary survey data from Thailand, China, and Vietnam, findings provide strong support for educating women, and indicate that women are perceived as being capable of owning and leading businesses and are believed to have the characteristics necessary to be business leaders.

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to address the paradox that represents a shortage of women in management and senior leadership positions around the world, while research has consistently shown that having women in positions of influence leads to noteworthy organizational benefits, as guest editors for this special issue, the authors provide an overview of four key streams of cross-cultural research on gender – women in international management, anthropology and gender, women's leadership, and women's entrepreneurship – which have been fairly well-developed but remain underexplored.Design/methodology/approachEach author led the review of the scholarly literature stream that aligned most with personal research areas of expertise, while particularly focusing each literature review on the status of each body of work in relation to the topic of women and gender in international business and management.FindingsThe authors encourage future work on the role of women and gender (including gay, lesbian, and transgender) in cross-cultural management, and the influence of cross-cultural matters on gender. In addition to new research on obstacles and biases faced by women in management, the authors hope to see more scholarship on the benefits that women bring to their organizations.Practical implicationsNew research could aim to provide specific evidence-based recommendations for: how organizations and individuals can work to develop more gender diversity in management and senior positions around the world, and encourage more women to start and grow bigger businesses.Social implicationsScholars can lead progress on important gender issues and contribute to quality information that guides politicians, organizational leaders, new entrants to the workforce.Originality/valueThis is the first paper to cover these topics and review the body of work on cross-cultural research on women in international business and management. The authors hope it serves as a useful launch pad for scholars conducting new research in this domain.

openAccessArticle: False ; Page Range: 398-398 ; doi:10.1016/j.leaqua.2011.09.010 ; Harvest Date: 2016-01-12 15:10:48 ; issueName: ; cover date: 2012-06-01 ; pubType:

What makes nascent entrepreneurs get their businesses up and running? We answer this by examining in a broad and unifying way: motivation and cognition, knowledge and experience and social support. We apply extensive multivariate analyses to a sample of 338 nascent entrepreneurs from the PSED database. Interestingly, most of our long-term (4½-year) model predictions of startup transition based on early antecedents are more accurate than the short-term ones — a practical strength of these models. Findings indicate that experienced, persistent, confident individuals, motivated mostly by non-financial outcomes, perceiving support from their social contacts and institutional environment, are likely to make the transition to a successful business.

Contents: 1 Introduction to women's entrepreneurship and culture: Socio-cultural dynamics, role-influenced behaviors and constraint negotiation / Ulrike Guelich, Amanda Bullough, Tatiana S. Manolova and Leon Schjoedt -- Part I: The effects of a society's culture on the embeddedness of women's entrepreneurship -- 2. Gender, culture and entrepreneurship in the middle east and north Africa (mena) / Bettina Lynda Bastian, Stephen Hill and Beverly Dawn Metcalfe -- 3. The unfolding process of women's entrepreneurship in a patriarchal society: An exploration of Bangladeshi women entrepreneurs' experiences / Wee Chan Au, Sabrina Nourin and Pervaiz K. Ahmed -- 4. The influence of institutional and in-group collectivism on women's entrepreneurship / Pedro Torres and Mário Augusto -- Part II: Women's emancipation from traditional family roles -- 5. You are well-educated, so why do you want to start a venture? Cultural norms of women's entrepreneurship in Ethiopia / Magdalena Markowska and Tigist Tesfaye Abebe -- 6. From empowerment to emancipation: Women's entrepreneurship cooking up a stir in South Africa / Bridget N. Irene, William K. Murithi, Regina Frank and Bernadette Mandawa-Bray -- 7. Role of socio-cultural factors in shaping entrepreneurial decision and behavior: An Indian perspective / Jasmine Banu, Rupashree Baral, Upasna A. Agarwal and Mansi Rastogi -- Part III: Culture and self-determination in women's entrepreneurship -- 8. Mobilising "she power": Chinese women entrepreneurs negotiating cultural and neoliberal contexts / Dongling Zhang and Nancy C. Jurik -- 9. Women in copreneurial businesses in the socio-cultural context of iran / Zahra Arasti, Laleh Sadeghi and Maryam Saeedian -- Index.