Suchergebnisse

Latin American economic development: an overview -- The struggle for national identity from independence to midcentury: The colonial legacy ; The economic consequences of independence ; The free-trade question ; The export sector ; The nonexport economy ; Regional differences -- The export sector and the world economy, circa 1850-1914: World demand and the export-led growth model ; Export performance ; Export cycles ; The pattern of external trade ; The terms of trade and international transport costs -- Export-led growth : the supply side: The labor market ; Land ; Capital markets ; Foreign investment ; The policy context -- Export-led growth and the nonexport economy : Domestic-use agriculture ; Manufacturing and its origins ; Industry and relative prices ; Regional differences on the eve of the First World War -- The First World War and its aftermath: The collapse of the old order ; Trade strategies ; Exchange-rate, financial, and fiscal reform ; External shocks, relative prices, and the manufacturing sector -- Policy, performance, and structural change in the 1930s: The Depression of 1929 ; Short-term stabilization ; Recovery from the Depression ; The international environment and the export sector ; Recovery of the non-export economy ; The transition toward inward-looking development -- War and the new international economic order: Trade and industry in the Second World War ; Trade surpluses, fiscal policy, and inflation ; The postwar dilemma ; The new international economic order -- Inward-looking development in the postwar period: The inward-looking model ; Outward-looking countries ; Regional integration ; Growth, income distribution, and poverty -- New trade strategies and debt-led growth ; Export promotion ; Export substitution ; Primary export development ; The state, public enterprise, and capital accumulation ; Debt-led growth -- Debt, adjustment, and the shift to a new paradigm ; From debt crisis to debt burden ; External adjustment ; Internal adjustment, inflation stabilization, and the exchange-rate problem ; Growth, poverty, and income distribution, since the debt crisis -- Conclusions

The economies of Latin America have undergone a deep process of change in the last decade as a result of the application of major reforms. The outcome can be fairly described as a New Economic Model. This New Economic Model is distinguished from its predecessor, in force before the 1980s debt crisis, by an emphasis on market forces and export-led growth. This book explores the main features of the New Economic Model in Latin America and, through analysis of the reform process and case studies, examines its impact on income distribution and poverty.