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The shadow of Kenyan democracy: widespread expectations of widespread corruption
Why has democracy failed to reduce corruption in Kenya? Framing the challenge in game theoretical terms, Dominic Burbidge examines how mutual expectations between citizens dictate the success or failure of political reforms. Since 1992, Kenya has conducted multiparty elections with the hope of promoting accountability and transparency in government. This is being undermined by ongoing corruption and an increasingly centralised state response to terrorism. Providing a nuanced assessment of democracy's difficult road in Kenya, Burbidge discusses the independent role being played by widespread social expectations of corruption. Through tracking average views of the average person, it is possible to identify a threshold beyond which society suffers mutually reinforcing negative social expectations. This trend is the shadow of Kenyan democracy, and must be treated as a policy challenge on its own terms before institutional reforms will be successful.
Transition to subnational democracy: Kenya's 2017 presidential and gubernatorial elections
In: Regional & federal studies, Band 30, Heft 3, S. 387-414
ISSN: 1743-9434
Trust and Social Relations in African Politics
In: Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Politics
"Trust and Social Relations in African Politics" published on by Oxford University Press.
Africa: Why economists get it wrong
In: African affairs: the journal of the Royal African Society, Band 115, Heft 460, S. 574-575
ISSN: 1468-2621
Taxation, responsiveness and accountability in sub-Saharan Africa: The dynamics of tax bargaining
In: African affairs: the journal of the Royal African Society, Band 115, Heft 460, S. 575-577
ISSN: 1468-2621
Africa: Why economists get it wrong
In: African affairs: the journal of the Royal African Society, Band 115, Heft 460, S. 574-575
ISSN: 0001-9909
Taxation, responsiveness and accountability in sub-Saharan Africa: The dynamics of tax bargaining
In: African affairs: the journal of the Royal African Society, Band 115, Heft 460, S. 575-577
ISSN: 0001-9909
Conflict in the Horn of Africa: The Kenya–Somalia border problem 1941–2014
In: African affairs: the journal of the Royal African Society, S. adv064
ISSN: 1468-2621
The spirit of the laws in Mozambique
In: African affairs: the journal of the Royal African Society, Band 114, Heft 456, S. 478-479
ISSN: 1468-2621
Can someone get me outta this middle class zone?!: Pressures on middle class Kikuyu in Kenya's 2013 election
In: The journal of modern African studies: a quarterly survey of politics, economics & related topics in contemporary Africa, Band 52, Heft 2, S. 205-225
ISSN: 0022-278X
World Affairs Online
'Can someone get me outta this middle class zone?!' Pressures on middle class Kikuyu in Kenya's 2013 election
In: The journal of modern African studies: a quarterly survey of politics, economics & related topics in contemporary Africa, Band 52, Heft 2, S. 205-225
ISSN: 1469-7777
ABSTRACTWhilst the middle class are often heralded as forerunners for consolidating democracy, the experiences of Kikuyu in Kenya's 2013 election reveal how under-problematised the socio-economic group is for understanding the pressures faced in voting. The article presents evidence from diary entries of young middle class Kikuyu residing in Nairobi who recorded their feelings and impressions across a period of one month surrounding the country's elections. The diary writers describe the key moments at which they felt the need to switch from supporting third-placed presidential hopefuls to supporting one of the two favourites. Topics felt to pressure voters most keenly were ethnicity, social media, debate surrounding the International Criminal Court and the lack of confidence in others of the middle class. Unlike election analyses which assume static preferences and voting blocks, this methodology allows exploration of the ongoing negotiations and deliberations that influence voting intentions over time. The tensions felt by middle class Kikuyu during the election period made them wish they were members of either of the two other classes, who were in turn viewed as able to influence politics through money or popular power. These feelings of disempowerment ensured voting attitudes fell closely in line with ethnic affiliations, despite members of the middle class remaining wholly dissatisfied with ethnic labelling throughout. It is argued that the economic autonomy of middle class voters did not help disengage them from political tribalism in assessing how to vote.
Participatory Development in Kenya by Josephine Syokau Mwanzia and Robert C. Strathdee Farnham: Ashgate Publishing, 2010. Pp. 182, £55.00 (hbk)
In: The journal of modern African studies: a quarterly survey of politics, economics & related topics in contemporary Africa, Band 49, Heft 2, S. 346-347
ISSN: 1469-7777
Trust, Ethnicity and Integrity in East Africa: Experimental Evidence from Kenya and Tanzania
In: Journal of race, ethnicity and politics: JREP, Band 2, Heft 1, S. 88-123
ISSN: 2056-6085
AbstractPolitical economy comparisons of Kenya and Tanzania have often found the political salience of ethnicity to be far higher in the former than the latter, with a negative impact on intercommunal trust. This difference has tended to be explained on the basis of the different kinds of leadership that the two countries experienced after independence. However, these findings have typically been demonstrated using aggregate or survey data. This paper assesses the salience of ethnicity at the individual level for the first time, deploying monetized two-round trust games in urban Kenya and Tanzania. The experimental games isolate the comparative impact of common knowledge of ethnicity and integrity among a quasi-random selection of 486 citizens. Verifying previous findings, we observe higher levels of trust and trustworthiness in Tanzania as compared with Kenya. Further, in comparison with Kenya, any shared knowledge of ethnic identities in Tanzania leads players to transfer fewer resources, while common knowledge that both players are "honest" led to higher transfers there than in Kenya. These results provide robust evidence of higher levels of trust in Tanzania, and of the negative effect in that country of common knowledge of ethnicity on levels of cooperation. The findings demonstrate the way in which political context can shape the impact of ethnic diversity, and encourage further experimental research that looks at the intersubjective dynamics of social cooperation.