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ITB Forschungsberichte Nr. 69 ; Current changes in vocational education and training, such as responding to the technological and organizational development (the advent of the 4th industrial revolution), internationalization, integration of VET in lifelong learning processes, create the need for better development of the teaching competence of VET teachers. There are different practices and experiences of VET teachers training in the EU countries, which creates the space for effective policy learning in this field. Comparability of the teaching competence of the VET teachers is important from the point of view of internationalization of initial VET and international mobility of VET students and teachers in implementing ECTS measures in teacher education. However, there is still a lack of modern practical instruments in monitoring, assessment, guidance and comparability of the teaching competence of VET teachers and trainers. The goal of this comparative study is to disclose the common and diverging trends in the development of teaching competences of VET teachers and trainers in Germany, Italy and Lithuania. Having in mind the complexity of this task and its relevance for the VET systems in many countries, as well as the variety of the policies, approaches and practices of development and assessment of teaching competence of VET teachers in the EU countries, this undertaking requires strong international partnership. This research report points out the findings of a comparative analysis in chosen EU countries (Germany, Lithuania, Italy), about the main similarities and differences regarding the training (and hence competence development) of VET teachers and trainers, and which regulatory frameworks, public bodies and other stakeholders take a leading role in this procedures in the above-indicated countries.

19 pages, 5 figures, 3 tables ; Marine processes are observed with sensors from both the ground and space over large spatio-temporal scales. Citizen-based contributions can fill observational gaps and increase environmental stewardship amongst the public. For this purpose, tools and methods for citizen science need to (1) complement existing datasets; and (2) be affordable, while appealing to different user and developer groups. In this article, tools and methods developed in the 7th Framework Programme of European Union (EU FP 7) funded project Citclops (citizens' observatories for coast and ocean optical monitoring) are reviewed. Tools range from a stand-alone smartphone app to devices with Arduino and 3-D printing, and hence are attractive to a diversity of users; from the general public to more specified maker- and open labware movements. Standardization to common water quality parameters and methods allows long-term storage in regular marine data repositories, such as SeaDataNet and EMODnet, thereby providing open data access. Due to the given intercomparability to existing remote sensing datasets, these tools are ready to complement the marine datapool. In the future, such combined satellite and citizen observations may set measurements by the engaged public in a larger context and hence increase their individual meaning. In a wider sense, a synoptic use can support research, management authorities, and societies at large ; The Citclops project received funding by the EC-FP7 Programme, grant agreement No. 308469. We acknowledge support by the CSIC Open Access Publication Initiative through its Unit of Information Resources for Research (URICI). ; Peer Reviewed ; Publisher's version

41 pages, 28 figures, 1 table, supporting information https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0230084.s001.-- Through the interface at [http://www.citclops.eu/search/welcome.php] users are able to easily download all data. All data are also available from the dataset with DOI:10.5281/zenodo.3497440 ; The European-Commission—funded project 'Citclops' (Citizens' observatory for coast and ocean optical monitoring) developed methods, tools and sensors, which can be used by citizens to monitor natural waters, with a strong focus on long-term data series related to environmental sciences. The new sensors, based on optical technologies, respond to a number of scientific, technical and societal objectives, ranging from more precise monitoring of key environmental descriptors of the aquatic environment (water colour, transparency and fluorescence) to an improved management of data collected with citizen participation. The sensors were tested, calibrated, integrated on several platforms, scientifically validated and demonstrated in the field. The new methods and tools were tested in a citizen-science context. The general conclusion is that citizens are valuable contributors in quality and quantity to the objective of collecting, integrating and analysing fragmented and diverse environmental data. An integration of these data into data-analysis tools has a large potential to support authoritative monitoring and decision-making. In this paper, the project's objectives, results, technical achievements and lessons learned are presented ; More specifically, all authors (LC, JP, MRW, OZ, JAB, HVDW, RB, AF, SN, PT, FV, MB, KD) received funding from the European Union's FP7 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 308469 'Citclops'. LC received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreements No 824711 'MICS' and No 824580 'EU-Citizen.Science'

Ocean Sampling Day was initiated by the EU-funded Micro B3 (Marine Microbial Biodiversity, Bioinformatics, Biotechnology) project to obtain a snapshot of the marine microbial biodiversity and function of the world's oceans. It is a simultaneous global mega-sequencing campaign aiming to generate the largest standardized microbial data set in a single day. This will be achievable only through the coordinated efforts of an Ocean Sampling Day Consortium, supportive partnerships and networks between sites. This commentary outlines the establishment, function and aims of the Consortium and describes our vision for a sustainable study of marine microbial communities and their embedded functional traits. ; European Union

© The Author(s), 2015. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in GigaScience 4 (2015): 27, doi:10.1186/s13742-015-0066-5. ; Ocean Sampling Day was initiated by the EU-funded Micro B3 (Marine Microbial Biodiversity, Bioinformatics, Biotechnology) project to obtain a snapshot of the marine microbial biodiversity and function of the world's oceans. It is a simultaneous global mega-sequencing campaign aiming to generate the largest standardized microbial data set in a single day. This will be achievable only through the coordinated efforts of an Ocean Sampling Day Consortium, supportive partnerships and networks between sites. This commentary outlines the establishment, function and aims of the Consortium and describes our vision for a sustainable study of marine microbial communities and their embedded functional traits. ; This work was supported by the Micro B3 project, which is funded from the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7; Joint Call OCEAN.2011‐2: Marine microbial diversity – new insights into marine ecosystems functioning and its biotechnological potential) under the grant agreement no 287589.