Suchergebnisse

Race is understudied in International Relations generally and International Security specifically. To mitigate this omission, this article provides a racial theory of threat perception. It argues that, under certain conditions, racial prejudices embedded in racial identities shape threat perceptions and generate behavioral dispositions. In the first step, racial similarity deflates threat perceptions, while racial difference inflates them. In the second step, deflated threat perceptions facilitate cooperation among racially similar agents, while inflated threat perceptions facilitate discord among racially different agents. Using extensive archival and secondary sources, the article illustrates the explanatory value of the theory in the case of the Anglo-Japanese Alliance (1902-23). Adapted from the source document.

Presidential approvals and denials of governor requests for presidential declarations of major disaster are the focus of this study. Data from the U.S. Federal Emergency Management Agency for a 50-year period are used to examine the factors that might have influenced or been the basis for these presidential decisions. The findings show that presidents take into account not only the nature of a disaster but also political aspects of a request-such as whether the governor and the president are of the same party, the state is perceived as friendly to the administration, and the declaration occurs in a presidential reelection year. Presidential declarations of major disaster are an increasingly important aspect of modern federal-state relations. How the process works and what the motives of the president are ultimately have implications for states and their governors when they seek federal disaster relief aid. Adapted from the source document.