Suchergebnisse

Concepts such as young, citizenship and participation categories are in tense because it is built by different practices and knowledges that dispute the meaning of each of these. The law is one of the practices and knowledge from which senses of these categories, so it can be said that the law also builds subjects and develops realities. The article presents the senses that are built from the law (Act 1622 of 2013) on these notions. This act represents progress compared to the old act of youth, but it continues to consolidate readings about youth practices and processes from a formalist view. ; Conceptos como los de joven, ciudadanía y participación son categorías en tensión ya que son construidas por diferentes prácticas y saberes que disputan el sentido de cada una de éstas. El derecho es una de las prácticas y saberes desde la cual se elaboran sentidos de estas categorías, por tanto puede decirse que el derecho también construye sujetos y elabora realidades. El artículo presenta los sentidos que se construyen desde la norma (Ley 1622 de 2013) sobre dichas nociones. Esta Ley representa avances frente a lo estipulado en la antigua Ley de Juventud, pero sigue consolidando lecturas de los procesos y prácticas juveniles desde una visión formalista.

Ethnic minorities tend to develop dual identities and therefore can face identity denials from two groups. We examine in two studies the relation between dual identity and experiences of dual identity denial as misgivings or a manifested mistrust of one's group membership from both majority and minority group members. Based on identity integration and threat literature, identity denial represents a threat to dual identity which means that stronger dual identity denial can be expected to be associated with lower dual identity (a negative association). In contrast, based on identity enactment literature, stronger expression of one's dual identity can be expected to elicit stronger identity denial (a positive association). These two contrasting hypotheses were examined in two studies (Study 1 = 474; Study 2 = 820) among ethnic minorities in the Netherlands. The results from both studies offer greater support for the identity enactment model and illustrate the complexities associated with having a dual identity.

Background & aims The high prevalence of disease-related malnutrition is a major public health issue worldwide despite the fact that the efficacy of nutritional care has been extensively documented. Therefore, it is needed to move forward on stronger public health policies. The aim of our article is to analyze the link between nutritional care and human rights. We wonder whether it is possible to consider nutritional care as a human right. Methods We examine the relationship between nutritional care and human rights by using the human rights-based approach. It allows us to determine the grounding of the nutritional care as a human right, the duty-bearers and its content or scope. Results The difficulties in the conception and realization of the right to food in the clinical context and the possibility to define a specific scope for nutritional care within the care-giving context shows that the right to nutritional care can be considered as a human right by itself and closely related to the right to food and the right to health. The human right to nutritional care implies that the patient has the right to beneficiate from the right to be screened for malnutrition and receive a malnutrition diagnosis, to receive regular hospital diet, therapeutic diet and medical nutrition therapy administrated by a team of experts, and the government has the duty to guarantee it. Conclusion The right to nutritional care can be considered as a human right by itself. Violating the right to nutritional care may often impair the enjoyment of other human rights, such as the rights to health or food and vice versa. The main impact of this recognition is attended to be at the national and international policies level. Knowing that the relation between human rights and nutritional care is a new issue, more research is warranted to ascertain its precise nature.

AbstractOrganizations and their leaders are recognized as key players in staff well‐being and engagement but there is limited longitudinal research with large samples. Moreover, it is not clear how specifically leader behaviour impacts on well‐being. Based on the social identity approach, we argue that school leaders who are capable of crafting and clarifying what it means to be an organizational member while actively representing the groups' interests—an identity leader—will be able to foster a positive school climate. In turn, this positive climate should result in a range of positive outcomes for school staff members, including better well‐being and engagement in their work. Using a longitudinal survey of over 6000 school staff, we found support for our hypothesis: school staff members who perceived their school leaders as being identity leaders perceived a more positive school climate 1 year later, which, in turn, predicted higher levels of well‐being (lower burnout, lower stress and higher self‐esteem) and engagement in school outcomes (higher organizational commitment, team morale and professional development). Overall, these results underline the key role that school identity leaders play in crafting positive working environments and outcomes for staff members.

For the natural peoples of the American continent, the territory is the environment where the life of the original families is developed. This comprehension conditions sustainability to balance and harmony with Mother Earth. However, it is possible to identify a dichotomy regarding the meaning of territory between the doctrinal and legal terms when considering that in countries such as Colombia, from the normative provision on the distribution and regularization of the territory in its Political Constitution of 1991, the right to its protection and use is guaranteed. But several historical events indicating sustainability and balance of these indigenous communities —name with which the Constitution recognizes them, have gaps that put these peoples at risk and threaten their existence. This work's purpose is to understand the meaning of territory and sustainability from the perspective of the original or indigenous peoples, also from the legal provisions in Colombia, providing an integral vision that contributes to critical analysis and allowing a view of the sustainability of the original territories at present. The analytical methodology employed was the documentary study of state of the art based on secondary sources and descriptions. ; El territorio para los pueblos naturales de América es el ámbito donde se desarrolla la vida de las familias originarias. Entenderlo así condiciona la sostenibilidad en el equilibrio y la armonía con la Madre Tierra. Sin embargo es posible identificar que existe una dicotomía frente al significado del territorio desde su concepción, y los términos doctrinales y legales, si se considera que en países como Colombia desde la disposición normativa frente a la distribución y regularización del territorio encontrada en su Constitución Política de 1991, se garantiza el derecho a la protección y uso del territorio, pero a la fecha se han registrado varios acontecimientos históricos que permiten evidenciar que la sostenibilidad y el equilibrio de estas comunidades indígenas, nombre con el cual las reconoce dicha Constitución, presentan vacíos que ponen en riesgo a estos pueblos y amenazan con su desaparición. El propósito del trabajo es realizar una conceptualización que permita entender el significado de territorio y sustentabilidad desde los pueblos originarios o indígenas, también desde las disposiciones jurídicas en Colombia, para tener una visión integral que contribuya a un análisis crítico que permita dar una mirada frente a la sostenibilidad de los territorios originarios en la actualidad. La metodología de análisis que posibilitó la elaboración de este documento fue el estudio documental del estado del arte en cuestión, de carácter descriptivo y basado en fuentes secundarias.

Most health models emphasize individual factors in predicting health behavior. However, in the context of COVID‐19 where the immediate response to stopping the spread of the virus requires collective efforts and change, other sociopolitical factors need to be considered. Prior research points to health behaviors being impacted by neighborhood and national social relations, social identification, confidence in government and political orientation. This research, though, is generally piecemeal (or specific), tends to be cross‐sectional, and is usually not oriented to pandemics. These issues are addressed in the current research. A two‐wave study with a representative sample of Australians (NWave 1 = 3028) gathered during COVID‐19 examined sociopolitical factors at the local and national level as predictors of health behaviors one month later. Four models were tested. These encapsulated geographic levels (local or national) and two health behaviors (hand hygiene or physical distance). In the three of the four models, social identification was a significant predictor of health behavior, while controlling for sociodemographic and individual‐level measures. There were more mixed results for social relations and confidence in government. There is evidence that to better promote health behaviors sociopolitical factors need to be more prominent in public policy and health behavior models.
Highlights


The goal of this study is to examine how sociopolitical factors impact physical distance and hand hygiene during the Australian COVID‐19 pandemic.

Based on social cohesion literature and the social identity approach, we expected three social cohesion dimensions (social identification, confidence in government and social relations) to predict greater health behaviors one month later. Political orientation was also expected to predict health behaviors.

The results show that social identification consistently predicts health behaviors, with weaker evidence for political orientation and confidence in the government, and mixed evidence for social relations.

This research highlights the importance of considering and strengthening the sociopolitical context in our response to pandemics.