Suchergebnisse

In the present work, fish gelatin was employed to develop renewable and biodegradable materials, reducing environmental problems associated with conventional petroleum-based materials. Glycerol was used as plasticizer and gallic acid was added in order to enhance the functional properties of the material. L-fuzzy concept analysis was applied for modelling the formulations and properties of the films. These new methodology is used in the design of the material avoiding the traditional inefficient trial an error approach usually employed. Two applications of the developed bio-based material were analyzed: fatty food packaging application in food area and wound healing in the biomedical field. The functional properties requirements of water contact angle (CA), water vapour transmission rate (WVTR), colour L* and b* values, tensile strength (TS), elongation at break (EB) and gloss values were specified for both applications. Applying the proposed algorithm, the required formulations were estimated and the experimental results showed a high accordance with the predicted values of the final properties, as well as with the requirements. This analysis allowed finding the required formulations in a highly cost-effective way. ; The authors thank the research groups from the Basque Government (IT1256-19) and the University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU (GIU18/154). This work was financially supported by the Basque Government (KK-2019/00006).

Atlantic horse mackerel (Trachurus trachurus) fillets were coated by gallic acid and chitosan solutions, including chitosan nanoparticles, and fish quality and shelf life were assessed during chilled storage for 13 days. All chitosan-containing coatings decreased microorganisms' growth in more than 2 log cycles up to late storage stages; however, those with chitosan nanoparticles resulted to be more effective, probably due to a greater contact surface with fish muscle. Furthermore, the lowest total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N) values, as well as pH values below 7, were found for horse mackerel fillets coated by those solutions with chitosan nanoparticles. Additionally, horse mackerel fillets coated by solutions with chitosan nanoparticles also showed the lowest thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) values, maybe owing to a more sustained release of gallic acid. In this regard, it is worth noting that, although gallic acid solution showed no antimicrobial activity, this prevented lipid oxidation and, therefore, preserved color and texture during the chilling storage. ; Authors thank the Basque Government (PA20/02), the Provincial Council of Gipuzkoa (Department of Economic Development, the Rural Environment and Territorial Balance), the University of the Basque Country (GIU18/154), and the Agencia Estatal de Investigación (AEI) and the European Regional Development Fund (FEDER), through projects AGL2017-84161 and RTI2018-097100-B-C22, for financial support. I. Z. thanks the Quality and Food Industry Department of the Basque Government for her fellowship (22-2018-00078). ; Peer reviewed