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The objective of this article is to analyse the consumption patterns incorporating the demographic effects in Mexico using the ENIGH-2018. The main results show that the consumption patterns for different goods i can be specified as a function of total expenditure, of the demographic variables and the control variables such as economic and social characteristics. The demographic characteristics such as the number of members and children in the household affects the expenditure patterns of the household. For example, the proportion of expenditure in food and house with respect to total expenditure of the households is larger in households without children than with children and the proportion of expenditure with respect to total expenditure is larger in education and amusement in households with children than without children. Furthermore, the number of members and children modified the expenditure in food, education, housing, transport and clothes and the Engel expenditure elasticities indicate that food and clothes are necessary goods and education and amusement are, in general, luxury goods.

Se ofrece una valoración económica de la pérdida de servicios ecosistémicos asociada a la operación de un proyecto minero a tajo abierto en la Reserva de la Biósfera Sierra La Laguna, que dejaría un inmenso beneficio económico concentrado en pocos agentes fuera del país, a cambio de costos ambientales sustanciales en México durante varias generaciones, evidencia de que en las estimaciones de la minería es indispensable considerar los costos ambientales. La valoración de servicios ecosistémicos debe soportar la toma de decisiones, que es muy importante para instalar políticamente el debate de los pasivos ambientales que genera la actividad.