Suchergebnisse

Resumo Na primeira parte deste texto, debruço-me sobre as noções de cidadania e de sociedade civil, procurando mostrar de que forma elas evoluíram historicamente uma em relação à outra. A seguir, mostro de que forma um novo tipo de contrato social – o chamado welfare state – surgiu nos países demo-liberais após a crise de 1929 e a Segunda Guerra Mundial. No termo dessa reflexão, identificarei a noção de capital social como veículo privilegiado dos processos sociais de inclusão versus exclusão. Por fim, apresentarei os resultados de um inquérito internacional que permite identificar as características comparativas dos modernos processos de associativismo, mobilização e mudança sociocultural.

Partindo dos escritos da geração do Orfeu, o artigo mostra a forte relação que existe, desde a década de 1880, entre a modernização dos padrões literários portugueses e a ascensão do nacionalismo, em particular no que respeita o movimento republicano. Em seguida, resume e analisa as conotações políticas do movimento modernista que se seguiu à proclamação da República em 1910. Por fim, aborda a fisionomia crescentemente tradicionalista do regime autoritário português e o afastamento da maior parte dos criadores literários de vanguarda.

Comparative studies of civic culture and political attitudes usually have national societies as the unit of analysis. However, in relatively homogenous areas such as Western Europe, differences between countries are frequently less important than those observed between different social
groups within each country. Here, the comparison is centred on a set of social groups the socio-economic elites and the working class sufficiently large to allow for the following observations: (1) to what extent do these groups possess, at an European level, similarities hidden by national
averages and (2) whether the differences observed between European societies possess an explanatory effect on the performance of those groups, i.e. whether there is in operation a pervasive societal effect. Both hypotheses are confirmed, although in Portugal the preponderance of the latter
is significantly greater, i.e. the societal effect tends to prevail over the class effect.

Most political science research is concerned with the supply side of politics, i. e. the ability of political actors to attract supporters; instead, citizenship research is frequently interested in politics' demand side, i. e. what citizens ask from politicians and to what extent are they satisfied with party supply. The present study addresses the evaluation of political parties and politicians by the Portuguese citizenry on the basis of a longitudinal analysis of post-electoral surveys as well as other quantitative data allowing us to measure to which extent such evaluation fits the features of the "crisis of political representation" described in extant literature (Porras Nadales 1996). Indeed, in a very recent article on the concept of Democracy, the Greek political philosopher and politician Georges Contogeorgis brings the issue of the crisis of political representation into focus, by reminding us that "the initial political regime of classic Athens ceased to be fully democratic when it stopped being "the citizens' assembly" to become increasingly a matter of representation, which is by its composition if not by definition an oligarchic institution distinct from direct participation in the polity. And that was why democracy left Athens in the early 4th century bc" (Contogeorgis 2017). ; info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion