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Introduction: Exposure to enviromental flight conditions may impair performance and physical integrity, thus training in simulated environments it is a key factor. This research aimed to study the psychophysiological response, cortical arousal and autonomic modulation of pilots and medical aircrew personnel during disorientation exposure, considering gender, experience, flying hours and body mass index (BMI) as influencial variables. Methods: A total of 47 soldiers (37 men and 10 women, 22 medical aircrew personnel and 25 fighter pilots) of Spanish Air Forces faced 25 min of vestibular, proprioceptive and visual disorientation. Results: Disorientation exposure elicited an increased psychophysiological response, significant increases in isometric hand strength, cortical arousal, autonomic modulation, perceived stress and effort in both groups while a significant decrease in respiratory muscle capacity and blood oxygen saturation in the medical aircrew group were found. Cross-sectional analysis showed gender differences, males presented greater parasympathetic activity and strength. Larger BMI was associated with greater levels and perception of stress as well as lower cardiovascular performance and sympathetic modulation. Furthermore, experience, previous training and larger flying hours correlated with greater parasympathetic modulation. Conclusion: Disorientation exposure produces an increase in cortical arousal and decrease in the parasympathetic nervous system either in pilots and medical aircrew personnel. In addition, medical aircrew personnel are less adapted to disorientation stimulus presenting significantly higher psychophysiological stress response, thus complementary physical training should be mandatory.

The lack of dielectric properties data has often been named as one of the reasons that has hampered the simulation of microwave processing of biomass feedstock and process design. In this work, the dielectric behavior of an organic fraction from municipal solid wastes during pyrolysis has been monitored as a function of temperature. Furthermore, the effect of the addition of a microwave absorbent material (carbonaceous char) to the raw biowaste upon the dielectric properties has been investigated for the first time. The efficiency of the conversion of microwave energy to heat, measured by means of the tan δ parameter, is shown in this study to be nearly 20 times higher when the absorbent char is added to the reaction bulk at room temperature and this gap is even greater in the 600–800 °C range. Nevertheless, the results suggest that the addition of increasing amounts of microwave absorbent (up to ca. 40%) impairs microwave penetration, which gives rise to a less homogeneous heating of the bulk. There is therefore an optimum proportion that balances heat conversion and penetration depth. The results of this study lend support to the use of char as a means to induce thermochemical treatments by microwaves and reduce energy consumption in the process. ; The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme for research, technological development and demonstration under grant agreement n° 311815 (SYNPOL project). D.B. also acknowledges the financial support received from PCTI and FICYT of the Government of the Principado de Asturias ; Peer reviewed

This is a pre-copyedited, author-produced PDF of an article accepted for publication in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society following peer review. The version of record Barragán, O. et al. "K2-139 b: A low-mass warm Jupiter on a 29-d orbit transiting an active K0 V star" is available online at: http://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stx3207 ; We announce the discovery of K2-139 b (EPIC 218916923 b), a transiting warm-Jupiter (Teq= 547± 25 K) on a 29-d orbit around an active (logR'HK=-4.46±0.06) K0V star in K2 Campaign 7.We derive the system's parameters by combining the K2 photometry with groundbased follow-up observations. With a mass of 0.387-0.033+0.075MJand radius of 0.808-0.033+0.034RJ, K2-139 b is one of the transiting warm Jupiters with the lowest mass known to date. The planetary mean density of 0.91-0.20+0.24g cm-3can be explained with a core of ~50M⊕. Given the brightness of the host star (V=11.653 mag), the relatively short transit duration (~5 h), and the expected amplitude of the Rossiter-McLaughlin effect (~25m s-1), K2-139 is an ideal target to measure the spin-orbit angle of a planetary system hosting a warm Jupiter ; D. Gandolfi gratefully acknowledges the financial support of the Programma Giovani Ricercatori – Rita Levi Montalcini – Rientro dei Cervelli (2012) awarded by the Italian Ministry of Education, Universities and Research (MIUR). Sz. Csizmadia thanks the Hungarian OTKA Grant K113117. H. J. Deeg and D. Nespral acknowledge support by grant ESP2015-65712-C5-4-R of the Spanish Secretary of State for R& D&i (MINECO). D. Lorenzo-Oliveira acknowledges the support from FAPESP (2016/20667-8). This research was supported by the Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad under project FIS2012-31079. The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2013-2016) under grant agreement No. 312430 (OPTICON).

We present the discovery and characterization of a new transiting planet from Campaign 17 of the Kepler extended mission K2. The planet K2-292 b is a warm sub-Neptune on a 17 day orbit around a bright (V = 9.9 mag) solar-like G3 V star with a mass and radius of M∗ = 1.00 ± 0.03 MȮ and R∗ = 1.09 ± 0.03 RȮ, respectively. We modeled simultaneously the K2 photometry and CARMENES spectroscopic data and derived a radius of Rp=2.63-0.10+0.12 RȮ and mass of Mp=24.5-4.4+4.4 MȮ, yielding a mean density of ρp=7.4-1.5+1.6 g cm-3, which makes it one of the densest sub-Neptunian planets known to date. We also detected a linear trend in the radial velocities of K2-292 (γRV =-0.40-0.07+0.07 m s-1 d-1) that suggests a long-period companion with a minimum mass on the order of 33 MȮ. If confirmed, it would support a formation scenario of K2-292 b by migration caused by Kozai-Lidov oscillations. © 2019 ESO. ; Funding for the K2 mission is provided by the NASA Science Mission directorate. This work has made use of data from the European Space Agency (ESA) mission Gaia (https://www.cosmos.esa.int/gaia), processed by the Gaia Data Processing and Analysis Consortium (DPAC; https://www.cosmos.esa.int/web/gaia/dpac/consortium). Funding for the DPAC has been provided by national institutions, in particular the institutions participating in the Gaia Multilateral Agreement. CARMENES is an instrument for the Centro Astronomico Hispano-Aleman de Calar Alto (CAHA, Almeria, Spain) funded by the German Max-Planck-Gesellschaft (MPG), the Spanish Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC), the European Union through FEDER/ERF FICTS-2011-02 funds, and the members of the CARMENES Consortium. R.L. has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement No. 713673 and financial support through the >la Caixa> INPhINIT Fellowship Grant for Doctoral studies at Spanish Research Centres of Excellence, >la Caixa> Banking Foundation, Barcelona, Spain. This work is partly financed by the Spanish Ministry of Economics and Competitiveness through grants ESP2013-48391-C4-2-R and AYA2016-79425-C3, and supported by the Japan Society for Promotion of Science (JSPS) KAKENHI Grant Number JP16K17660, JP18H01265 and JP18H05439, and JST PRESTO Grant Number JPMJPR1775. Funding for the Stellar Astrophysics Centre is provided by The Danish National Research Foundation (Grant agreement no.: DNRF106). K.W.F.L acknowledges the support of the DFG priority program SPP 1992 >Exploring the Diversity of Exoplanets in the Mass-Density Diagram> (RA 714/14-1). M.F. and C.M.P. gratefully acknowledge the support of the Swedish National Space Agency. ; Peer Reviewed