Suchergebnisse

Cloud computing has not only gained enormous popularity, but also been deployed successfully in large scale realworld applications. However, the popularity of the cloud storage also leads to the dilemma between end-user(EU) and cloud storage provider(CSP), i.e, the EU focuses its attention on acquiring cheap cloud storage services, while CSP concerns how to maximize its own revenue by setting proper price. The noncooperative decisions of EU and CSP will possibly result in corresponding loss welfare of the both parties. In the case of the cloud storage business, we model the interactions between EU and CSP as Stackelberg game and analyze the equilibrium strategies of the two parties. We show that the welfare of the two parties involved in the cloud storage business can be further enhanced to achieve the system optimality by applying Nash Bargain Solution(NBS). Our theoretical analysis and empirical studies both show that the bargain solution can result in a win-win outcome.

Xia Qiu, Jiangnan Dong, Zheng Zhao, Jun Li, Xiaoyan CaiDepartment of General Surgery, Pudong New Area Gongli Hospital Affiliated to Naval Military Medical University, Shanghai 200135, People's Republic of ChinaObjective: To elucidate how lncRNA 00668 (LINC00668) influences the development of breast cancer (BC).Materials and methods: Genome-wide expression profile of BC and paracancerous tissues were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and BC tissues and paracancerous tissues enrolled from our hospital for analyzing the expression level of LINC00668 and its correlation with prognosis. GSEA was conducted to analyze the potential functions of LINC00668. By transfection of sh-LINC00668 in BC cells, proliferation, apoptosis, cell cycle and colony formation of BC cells were accessed. Western blot was conducted to detect protein expressions of Ki-67, CDK4, Bcl-2, p21 and genes in AKT/mTOR pathways after LINC00668 knockdown in BC cells. Finally, tumor-bearing nude mice were administrated with BC cells. We compared the proliferative rate in mice with different administrations. Immunohistochemistry was carried out to access expression levels of Ki-67, CDK4, Bcl-2 and P21 in mice.Results: Both TCGA data and BC tissues harvested from our hospital indicated the higher expression of LINC00668 in BC tissues. LINC00668 expression was negatively correlated to prognosis of BC patients. GSEA pointed out that LINC00668 is enriched in regulations of cell cycle and apoptosis. By transfection of sh-LINC00668 in MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-436 cells, the proliferative and colony formation abilities of BC cells decreased. Besides, LINC00668 knockdown in BC cells induced apoptosis and arrested cell cycle. LINC00668 knockdown downregulated Ki-67, CDK4 and Bcl-2, but upregulated p21. The AKT/mTOR pathway was inhibited after LINC00668 silenced. In vivo experiments demonstrated the decreased proliferative rate in tumor-bearing mice administrated with sh-LINC00668 transfected BC cells. Consistently, immunohistochemical results showed lower positive expressions of Ki-67, CDK4 and Bcl-2, but higher positive expression of p21 in sh-LINC00668 group.Conclusion: LINC00668 is highly expressed in BC tissues and can promote the progression of BC by inhibiting apoptosis and accelerating cell cycle progression.Keywords: LINC00668, breast cancer, apoptosis, cell cycle