Suchergebnisse

Resumo Buscamos uma mais rica interlocução entre urbanização/metropolização e os processos de saúde, doença e educação profícua às pesquisas, ao ensino e às políticas públicas. A crescente urbanização e concentração nas metrópoles insta-nos a apresentar as reflexões e experiências da/na disciplina Saúde e Espaço Urbano (SEU). O viver na cidade pensado sob a forma de estratégias que respondam às implicações em saúde e problemas sociais afeitos às iniquidades em saúde, como violência, trânsito, doenças (re)emergentes, transmissíveis ou não, estimula uma abordagem inter/transdisciplinar. Nessa disciplina, primamos por uma formação e capacitação discente holística, voltada a uma vida urbana saudável e com maior conhecimento, resultante do entrelace de saberes de três Pós-Graduações da UFMG, Geografia, Saúde Pública e Arquitetura, desde 2015.

Resumo A definição de unidades espaciais como locus preferencial na prestação do cuidado em saúde é desafiadora quando se buscam modelos assistenciais que reduzam as iniquidades de acesso aos serviços de saúde e os humanizem, integrando dados demográficos, socioeconômicos, culturais e ambientais, configurando localmente os determinantes sociais da saúde. Este estudo introduz uma análise da localização das Unidades Básicas de Saúde (UBS) nos distritos sanitários de Belo Horizonte, comparando as divisões administrativas adotadas com as obtidas pelo teste cartográfico de influência de acesso às UBS. Demonstra-se a potencialidade de investigações futuras sobre o território da cidade na busca de melhores localizações e acesso às UBS, acenando para o enriquecimento do debate sobre os rumos da saúde urbana no Brasil.

For 18 months in 2009–2010, the Rockefeller Foundation provided support to establish the Roundtable on Urban Living Environment Research (RULER). Composed of leading experts in population health measurement from a variety of disciplines, sectors, and continents, RULER met for the purpose of reviewing existing methods of measurement for urban health in the context of recent reports from UN agencies on health inequities in urban settings. The audience for this report was identified as international, national, and local governing bodies; civil society; and donor agencies. The goal of the report was to identify gaps in measurement that must be filled in order to assess and evaluate population health in urban settings, especially in informal settlements (or slums) in low- and middle-income countries. Care must be taken to integrate recommendations with existing platforms (e.g.,Health Metrics Network, the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation) that could incorporate, mature, and sustain efforts to address these gaps and promote effective data for healthy urban management. RULER noted that these existing platforms focus primarily on health outcomes and systems, mainly at the national level. Although substantial reviews of health outcomes and health service measures had been conducted elsewhere, such reviews covered these in an aggregate and perhaps misleading way. For example, some spatial aspects of health inequities, such as those pointed to in the 2008 report from the WHO's Commission on the Social Determinants of Health, received limited attention. If RULER were to focus on health inequities in the urban environment, access to disaggregated data was a priority. RULER observed that some urban health metrics were already available, if not always appreciated and utilized in ongoing efforts (e.g., census data with granular data on households, water, and sanitation but with little attention paid to the spatial dimensions of these data). Other less obvious elements had not exploited the gains realized in spatial measurement technology and techniques (e.g., defining geographic and social urban informal settlement boundaries, classification of population based amenities and hazards, and innovative spatial measurement of local governance for health. In summary, the RULER team identified three major areas for enhancing measurement to motivate action for urban health—namely, disaggregation of geographic areas for intra-urban risk assessment and action, measures for both social environment and governance, and measures for a better understanding of the implications of the physical (e.g., climate) and built environment for health. The challenge of addressing these elements in resource-poor settings was acknowledged, as was the intensely political nature of urban health metrics. The RULER team went further to identify existing global health metrics structures that could serve as platforms for more granular metrics specific for urban settings.

For 18 months in 2009–2010, the Rockefeller Foundation provided support to establish the Roundtable on Urban Living Environment Research (RULER). Composed of leading experts in population health measurement from a variety of disciplines, sectors, and continents, RULER met for the purpose of reviewing existing methods of measurement for urban health in the context of recent reports from UN agencies on health inequities in urban settings. The audience for this report was identified as international, national, and local governing bodies; civil society; and donor agencies. The goal of the report was to identify gaps in measurement that must be filled in order to assess and evaluate population health in urban settings, especially in informal settlements (or slums) in low- and middle-income countries. Care must be taken to integrate recommendations with existing platforms (e.g.,Health Metrics Network, the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation) that could incorporate, mature, and sustain efforts to address these gaps and promote effective data for healthy urban management. RULER noted that these existing platforms focus primarily on health outcomes and systems, mainly at the national level. Although substantial reviews of health outcomes and health service measures had been conducted elsewhere, such reviews covered these in an aggregate and perhaps misleading way. For example, some spatial aspects of health inequities, such as those pointed to in the 2008 report from the WHO's Commission on the Social Determinants of Health, received limited attention. If RULER were to focus on health inequities in the urban environment, access to disaggregated data was a priority. RULER observed that some urban health metrics were already available, if not always appreciated and utilized in ongoing efforts (e.g., census data with granular data on households, water, and sanitation but with little attention paid to the spatial dimensions of these data). Other less obvious elements had not exploited the gains realized in spatial measurement technology and techniques (e.g., defining geographic and social urban informal settlement boundaries, classification of population based amenities and hazards, and innovative spatial measurement of local governance for health. In summary, the RULER team identified three major areas for enhancing measurement to motivate action for urban health—namely, disaggregation of geographic areas for intra-urban risk assessment and action, measures for both social environment and governance, and measures for a better understanding of the implications of the physical (e.g., climate) and built environment for health. The challenge of addressing these elements in resource-poor settings was acknowledged, as was the intensely political nature of urban health metrics. The RULER team went further to identify existing global health metrics structures that could serve as platforms for more granular metrics specific for urban settings. ; Copyright Information: 2011 The New York Academy of Medicine