Suchergebnisse

The occupational safety and health diagnostic (OSH) constitutes a first step for the design of national programs and ongoing reviews of existing regulations. The OSH diagnostic performed in Ecuador in 2011 is devastating due to the high labor accidents' toll, the scarce official information, lack of high-level academic education, and insufficient research. To diagnose the current state of occupational safety and health in Ecuador from official sources of information. We examined the geographical situation, sociodemographic and public health data, legal regulations, statistics on occupational accidents and diseases, training and research on OSH in Ecuador between 2010 to 2015. The main sources of data and information were: national laws and regulations on OSH, conventions of the International Labor Organization, resolutions of the Andean Community of Nations, and official web pages of national public bodies. In addition, we analyzed the scientific production on OSH of authors with Ecuadorian affiliation, carried out in Ecuador, and published in journals indexed in the main scientific databases. In Ecuador, the rate of employment is 94,3%, and 40% is recognized as adequate employment. The percentage of the working population covered by the social security has raised during the period of study, but it remains around 42% of this population. The country has ratified the 32 ILO OSH conventions and has adopted regional regulatory instruments. The national OSH legal body starts with the Constitution. A total of 99.156 occupational injuries and 2.733 occupational were notified, showing a significant increase from 2010 to 2015. Regarding fatal occupational accidents, 1.524 cases were notified. Training in OSH is focused on occupational risk prevention. Twelve scientific articles on OSH from authors of Ecuadorian affiliation and developed in a national context were identified. OSH status in Ecuador faces a persistent high toll of informal workers, an aging working population, an increase of work accidents, a scarce scientific evidence and an outdated legislation. The design of a OSH National Plan should become a priority in order to improve working conditions and health in Ecuador. ; El diagnóstico de seguridad y salud ocupacional (SST) constituye un primer paso para el diseño de programas nacionales y revisiones continuas de las reglamentaciones existentes. El diagnóstico de SST realizado en Ecuador en 2011 es devastador debido al alto número de accidentes laborales, la escasa información oficial, la falta de educación académica de alto nivel y la investigación insuficiente. Diagnosticar el estado actual de la seguridad y salud laboral en Ecuador a partir de fuentes oficiales de información. Examinamos la situación geográfica, datos sociodemográficos y de salud pública, regulaciones legales, estadísticas de accidentes y enfermedades ocupacionales, capacitación e investigación en SST en Ecuador entre 2010 y 2015. Las principales fuentes de datos e información fueron: leyes y reglamentos nacionales sobre SST, convenios de la Organización Internacional del Trabajo, resoluciones de la Comunidad Andina de Naciones y páginas web oficiales de organismos públicos nacionales. Además, se analizó la producción científica sobre SST de autores con afiliación ecuatoriana, realizada en Ecuador, y publicada en revistas indexadas en las principales bases de datos científicos. En Ecuador, la tasa de empleo es del 94,3%, y el 40% se reconoce como empleo adecuado. El porcentaje de la población activa cubierta por la seguridad social ha aumentado durante el período de estudio, pero se mantiene alrededor del 42% de esta población. El país ha ratificado los 32 convenios de SST de la OIT y ha adoptado instrumentos reguladores regionales. El cuerpo legal nacional de SST comienza con la Constitución. Se notificó un total de 99.156 lesiones laborales y 2.733 ocupacionales, que mostraron un aumento significativo entre 2010 y 2015. En cuanto a los accidentes laborales mortales, se notificaron 1.524 casos. La formación en SST se centra en la prevención de riesgos laborales. Se identificaron 12 artículos científicos sobre SST de autores de afiliación ecuatoriana y desarrollados en un contexto nacional. La situación de la SST en Ecuador enfrenta un alto costo persistente de trabajadores informales, una población trabajadora que envejece, un aumento de accidentes laborales, una evidencia científica escasa y una legislación obsoleta. El diseño de un Plan Nacional de SST debe convertirse en una prioridad para mejorar las condiciones de trabajo y la salud en Ecuador.

Background: The occupational safety and health diagnostic (OSH) constitutes a first step for the design of national programs and ongoing reviews of existing regulations. The OSH diagnostic performed in Ecuador in 2011 is devastating due to the high labor accidents toll, the scarce official information, lack of high-level academic education, and insufficient research. Objective: To diagnose the current state of occupational safety and health in Ecuador from official sources of information. Methods: We examined the geographical situation, sociodemographic and public health data, legal regulations, statistics on occupational accidents and diseases, training and research on OSH in Ecuador between 2010 to 2015. The main sources of data and information were: national laws and regulations on OSH, conventions of the International Labor Organization, resolutions of the Andean Community of Nations, and official web pages of national public bodies. In addition, we analyzed the scientific production on OSH of authors with Ecuadorian affiliation, carried out in Ecuador, and published in journals indexed in the main scientific databases. Results: In Ecuador, the rate of employment is 94,3%, and 40% is recognized as adequate employment. The percentage of the working population covered by the social security has raised during the period of study, but it remains around 42% of this population. The country has ratified the 32 ILO OSH conventions and has adopted regional regulatory instruments. The national OSH legal body starts with the Constitution. A total of 99.156 occupational injuries and 2.733 occupational were notified, showing a significant increase from 2010 to 2015. Regarding fatal occupational accidents, 1.524 cases were notified. Training in OSH is focused on occupational risk prevention. Twelve scientific articles on OSH from authors of Ecuadorian affiliation and developed in a national context were identified. Conclusions: OSH status in Ecuador faces a persistent high toll of informal workers, an aging working population, an increase of work accidents, a scarce scientific evidence and an outdated legislation. The design of a OSH National Plan should become a priority in order to improve working conditions and health in Ecuador.